{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2035585366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","title":"Why Firms Should Not Always Maximize Profits","display_name":"Why Firms Should Not Always Maximize Profits","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2035585366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","mag":"2035585366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76633192","display_name":"Journal of Business Ethics","issn_l":"0167-4544","issn":["0167-4544","1573-0697"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Business Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2435944","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002686380","display_name":"Ivar Kolstad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-1094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-1094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800297018","display_name":"Chr. Michelsen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02w7rbf39","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800297018"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivar Kolstad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chr. Michelsen Institute, Fantoftvegen 38, Postterminalen, P.O. Box 6033, Bergen, Norway","Chr. Michelsen Inst"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chr. Michelsen Institute, Fantoftvegen 38, Postterminalen, P.O. Box 6033, Bergen, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800297018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chr. Michelsen Inst","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800297018"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002686380"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800297018"],"apc_list":{"value":3790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.7174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":112,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99006997,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"2","first_page":"137","last_page":"145"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10115","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13603","display_name":"Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability","score":0.023900000378489494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11058","display_name":"Ethics in Business and Education","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit-maximization","display_name":"profit maximization","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-social-responsibility","display_name":"corporate social responsibility","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shareholder-primacy","display_name":"shareholder primacy","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-ethics","display_name":"business ethics","score":0.7059999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119232533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873451","display_name":"Business ethics","level":2,"score":0.8712484836578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141261163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218600","display_name":"Corporate social responsibility","level":2,"score":0.841949462890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775955634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374354","display_name":"Maxim","level":2,"score":0.8229478597640991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777780509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1377422","display_name":"Profit maximization","level":3,"score":0.776128351688385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.7376427054405212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778091340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15749950","display_name":"Quality of Life Research","level":3,"score":0.6010221838951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5800156593322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5247112512588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147598955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3427818","display_name":"Social responsibility","level":2,"score":0.4751817286014557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.45841073989868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.45068612694740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.37341272830963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.36756640672683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.34053725004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.2962321937084198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2334214448928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.20140978693962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.14594987034797668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12586495280265808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07626599073410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76633192","display_name":"Journal of Business Ethics","issn_l":"0167-4544","issn":["0167-4544","1573-0697"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Business Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.503.5161","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.503.5161","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://bora.cmi.no/dspace/bitstream/10202/61/1/Working paper WP 2006-11.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.519.1555","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.519.1555","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/DOC20035.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:76:y:2007:i:2:p:137-145","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s10551-006-9262-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open.cmi.no:11250/2435944","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2435944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:open.cmi.no:11250/2435944","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2435944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46258030","https://openalex.org/W283972558","https://openalex.org/W1562413884","https://openalex.org/W1831297970","https://openalex.org/W1958275295","https://openalex.org/W1968475919","https://openalex.org/W1979623870","https://openalex.org/W1993091619","https://openalex.org/W1999064493","https://openalex.org/W2024405378","https://openalex.org/W2036910311","https://openalex.org/W2040503313","https://openalex.org/W2042061542","https://openalex.org/W2063295979","https://openalex.org/W2069551332","https://openalex.org/W2150923716","https://openalex.org/W2164639462","https://openalex.org/W2177756622","https://openalex.org/W2281587307","https://openalex.org/W2306700240","https://openalex.org/W2796716809","https://openalex.org/W3123870998","https://openalex.org/W4213439731","https://openalex.org/W4230906437","https://openalex.org/W4234627329","https://openalex.org/W4302153206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2202081863","https://openalex.org/W7100150914","https://openalex.org/W4404886873","https://openalex.org/W2105932729","https://openalex.org/W2052447574","https://openalex.org/W2113601327","https://openalex.org/W3203947085","https://openalex.org/W98962989","https://openalex.org/W4249431056","https://openalex.org/W4414285032"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-23T09:35:12.469056","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
