{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034865394","doi":null,"title":"Flexible specialisation, industrial districts and employment in Pakistan","display_name":"Flexible specialisation, industrial districts and employment in Pakistan","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034865394","mag":"2034865394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2034865394","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB14380818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058242917","display_name":"Khalid Nadvi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8357-9737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8357-9737"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Nadvi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8357-9737","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048063063","display_name":"Employment Programme","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Employment Programme","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13473","display_name":"Economic Zones and Regional Development","score":0.5151000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13473","display_name":"Economic Zones and Regional Development","score":0.5151000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.1597999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12636","display_name":"Regional Development and Innovation","score":0.023399999365210533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-specialization","display_name":"flexible specialization","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-districts","display_name":"industrial districts","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment","display_name":"employment","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-clusters","display_name":"industrial clusters","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistan","display_name":"Pakistan","score":0.367000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.45286011695861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.43726444244384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.35127323865890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3454105257987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3386489152908325}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2034865394","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB14380818","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1900412010","https://openalex.org/W1975734947"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2514112706","https://openalex.org/W7093297882","https://openalex.org/W134443705","https://openalex.org/W137636474","https://openalex.org/W2244171399","https://openalex.org/W7134828976","https://openalex.org/W3125136227","https://openalex.org/W634766283","https://openalex.org/W2009747111","https://openalex.org/W4412382463"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
