{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034493186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018529","title":"BUILDING UP SPACE\u2013TIME WITH QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT","display_name":"BUILDING UP SPACE\u2013TIME WITH QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034493186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018529","mag":"2034493186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218271810018529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63240003","display_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics D","issn_l":"0218-2718","issn":["0218-2718","1793-6594"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics D","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1005.3035","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047866829","display_name":"Mark Van Raamsdonk B","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MARK VAN RAAMSDONK","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1W9, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, B.C., V6T 1W9, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047866829"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4221,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":677,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94590168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"14","first_page":"2429","last_page":"2435"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11960","display_name":"Relativity and Gravitational Theory","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-entanglement","display_name":"quantum entanglement","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergent-spacetime","display_name":"emergent spacetime","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-gravity","display_name":"quantum gravity","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-perturbative-quantum-gravity","display_name":"non-perturbative quantum gravity","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-measures","display_name":"entanglement measures","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degrees-of-freedom","display_name":"degrees of freedom","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-entropy","display_name":"entanglement entropy","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.8827857971191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8789384365081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130187892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133327","display_name":"Spacetime","level":2,"score":0.682820200920105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.659591019153595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108568745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234181","display_name":"Quantum gravity","level":3,"score":0.5840533971786499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5356995463371277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.5202104449272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.48915889859199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139356082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269038","display_name":"Quantum discord","level":4,"score":0.41854000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8492334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269100","display_name":"Quantum spacetime","level":4,"score":0.418251097202301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4060482382774353}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0218271810018529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810018529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63240003","display_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics D","issn_l":"0218-2718","issn":["0218-2718","1793-6594"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics D","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1005.3035","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.3035","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1005.3035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.694.9818","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.694.9818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.gravityresearchfoundation.org/pdf/awarded/2010/VanRaamsdonk_2010.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.752.2460","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.752.2460","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1005.3035.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1005.3035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1005.3035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1005.3035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1005.3035","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.3035","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1005.3035","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/052csg198"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320994","display_name":"Canada Research Chairs","ror":"https://ror.org/0517h6h17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034493186.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034493186.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W2014461107","https://openalex.org/W2060083150","https://openalex.org/W2076717955","https://openalex.org/W2107240173","https://openalex.org/W2110283120","https://openalex.org/W2114071493","https://openalex.org/W2117709364","https://openalex.org/W2129925474","https://openalex.org/W2166248051","https://openalex.org/W2764347725","https://openalex.org/W3000019265","https://openalex.org/W4211049521","https://openalex.org/W4249956767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104673529","https://openalex.org/W2970061156","https://openalex.org/W7128043104","https://openalex.org/W6941163251","https://openalex.org/W7065855336","https://openalex.org/W7125418155","https://openalex.org/W6903828355","https://openalex.org/W2780384712","https://openalex.org/W6885148280","https://openalex.org/W2281013963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"essay,":[2],"we":[3],"argue":[4],"that":[5,56],"the":[6,16,31],"emergence":[7],"of":[8,19,21,27,33,39,63],"classically":[9],"connected":[10],"space\u2013times":[11],"is":[12],"intimately":[13],"related":[14],"to":[15],"quantum":[17,28],"entanglement":[18],"degrees":[20,32],"freedom":[22,34],"in":[23,42,53],"a":[24,54],"nonperturbative":[25],"description":[26],"gravity.":[29],"Disentangling":[30],"associated":[35],"with":[36],"two":[37],"regions":[38,44],"space\u2013time":[40],"results":[41],"these":[43],"pulling":[45],"apart":[46],"and":[47],"pinching":[48],"off":[49],"from":[50],"each":[51],"other":[52],"way":[55],"can":[57],"be":[58],"quantified":[59],"by":[60],"standard":[61],"measures":[62],"entanglement.":[64]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":72},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":72},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}