{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034444096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776312","title":"Photoreflectance evidence of multiple band gaps in dilute GaInNAs layers lattice-matched to GaAs","display_name":"Photoreflectance evidence of multiple band gaps in dilute GaInNAs layers lattice-matched to GaAs","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034444096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776312","mag":"2034444096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1776312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014458382","display_name":"R. Kudrawiec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2593-9172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2593-9172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11923345","display_name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/008fyn775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Kudrawiec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wroc\u0142aw University of Technology Institute of Physics, , Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Technology Institute of Physics, , Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050226781","display_name":"Emil Mihai Pavelescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9698-6748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9698-6748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152565","display_name":"Tampere University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02ba3pt07","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E.-M. Pavelescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083632801","display_name":"J. Wagner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090068","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0083ncs46","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090068","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Angewandte Festk\u00f6rperphysik , Tullastrasse 72, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Angewandte Festk\u00f6rperphysik , Tullastrasse 72, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008089508","display_name":"Grzegorz Sek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-8243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7645-8243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11923345","display_name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/008fyn775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. S\u0119k","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wroc\u0142aw University of Technology Institute of Physics, , Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Technology Institute of Physics, , Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078358114","display_name":"J. Misiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-1923","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-1923"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11923345","display_name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/008fyn775","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Misiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wroc\u0142aw University of Technology Institute of Physics, , Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Technology Institute of Physics, , Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11923345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111907007","display_name":"M. Dumitrescu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152565","display_name":"Tampere University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02ba3pt07","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Dumitrescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081308008","display_name":"Janne Konttinen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152565","display_name":"Tampere University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02ba3pt07","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Konttinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022255178","display_name":"Anda Gheorghiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5471-2933","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5471-2933"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124155","display_name":"Hyperion University","ror":"https://ror.org/03an7d434","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124155"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Gheorghiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hyperion University , Calea C\u01cel\u01cera\u015fi 169, 74118 Bucure\u015fti, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hyperion University , Calea C\u01cel\u01cera\u015fi 169, 74118 Bucure\u015fti, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124155"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113611370","display_name":"M. Pessa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152565","display_name":"Tampere University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02ba3pt07","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Pessa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University of Technology Optoelectronics Research Center, , P.P. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152565"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3248,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9280921,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"96","issue":"5","first_page":"2576","last_page":"2579"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.9696999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":0.0142000000923872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12309","display_name":"solar cell performance optimization","score":0.01080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilute-nitrides","display_name":"dilute nitrides","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gainnas","display_name":"GaInNAs","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoreflectance","display_name":"photoreflectance","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-matched-quantum-wells","display_name":"lattice-matched quantum wells","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strain","display_name":"compressive strain","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastability","display_name":"metastability","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raman-spectroscopy","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gallium-arsenide","display_name":"GaAs","score":0.625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516","display_name":"Metastability","level":2,"score":0.7877808809280396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543292547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1094","display_name":"Indium","level":2,"score":0.779477596282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183152904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76250","display_name":"Blueshift","level":3,"score":0.6793434619903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181966813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806352","display_name":"Band gap","level":2,"score":0.6748225092887878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6525156497955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339544","display_name":"Annealing (glass)","level":2,"score":0.596237301826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5948309898376465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510052550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422819","display_name":"Gallium arsenide","level":2,"score":0.5380503535270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29169072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521166","display_name":"Quantum well","level":3,"score":0.5342307090759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781204021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091","display_name":"Lattice (music)","level":2,"score":0.4877675175666809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.48388490080833435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.4759142994880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85080765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614893","display_name":"Photoluminescence","level":2,"score":0.43243107199668884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3662089407444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41999313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328","display_name":"Molecular physics","level":1,"score":0.35311007499694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28238457441329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.15523400902748108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12730854749679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.11558875441551208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1776312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776312","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1776312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-26290","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-26290.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IAF","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/206558","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/206558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965682034","https://openalex.org/W1970495527","https://openalex.org/W1982771922","https://openalex.org/W1989501944","https://openalex.org/W1989965543","https://openalex.org/W2009708098","https://openalex.org/W2016861355","https://openalex.org/W2017836209","https://openalex.org/W2029581240","https://openalex.org/W2032074790","https://openalex.org/W2051354034","https://openalex.org/W2054511034","https://openalex.org/W2056072897","https://openalex.org/W2058540862","https://openalex.org/W2065334456","https://openalex.org/W2090748988","https://openalex.org/W2540224448","https://openalex.org/W3084478101"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579948384","https://openalex.org/W1500704292","https://openalex.org/W2032316062","https://openalex.org/W2040606415","https://openalex.org/W1983750407","https://openalex.org/W1985933813","https://openalex.org/W2043727736","https://openalex.org/W1983700692","https://openalex.org/W2005825660","https://openalex.org/W1497669970"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dilute":[0],"Ga1\u2212xInxNyAs1\u2212y\u2215GaAs":[1],"quantum":[2],"wells":[3],"with":[4,44,75,122],"high":[5],"In-content,":[6],"which":[7,52,68,112],"are":[8,50,73],"under":[9],"compressive":[10],"strain,":[11],"have":[12],"been":[13,120],"shown":[14],"previously":[15],"to":[16,23,71,92,132],"exhibit":[17,59],"multiple":[18],"band":[19,62,66,109],"gaps,":[20,67],"likely":[21],"due":[22],"the":[24,86,123,126],"presence":[25],"of":[26,89,99,107,128],"different":[27,76,133],"nitrogen":[28,48,77],"nearest-neighbor":[29],"environments,":[30],"i.e.,":[31],"N-Ga4\u2212mInm(0\u2a7dm\u2a7d4)":[32],"short-range-order":[33],"clusters.":[34],"Here,":[35],"photoreflectance":[36],"(PR)":[37],"measurements":[38],"on":[39],"lattice-matched":[40],"dilute":[41],"GaInNAs-on-GaAs":[42],"layers":[43,57],"low":[45],"indium":[46,102],"and":[47,101],"content":[49],"reported,":[51],"give":[53],"evidence":[54],"that":[55],"these":[56],"also":[58],"several":[60],"distinct":[61,65],"gaps.":[63],"These":[64],"were":[69],"found":[70],"coexist,":[72],"associated":[74,121],"bonding":[78],"configurations,":[79],"as":[80],"revealed":[81],"by":[82],"Raman":[83],"spectroscopy.":[84],"Thus,":[85],"metastable":[87],"nature":[88],"GaInNAs":[90,108],"seems":[91],"be":[93],"a":[94],"persistent":[95],"intrinsic":[96],"property,":[97],"irrespective":[98],"strain":[100],"content.":[103],"The":[104],"annealing-induced":[105],"blueshift":[106],"gap":[110],"energy,":[111],"is":[113],"usually":[114],"observed":[115],"in":[116,125],"this":[117],"system,":[118],"has":[119],"change":[124],"intensity":[127],"PR":[129],"resonances":[130],"related":[131],"N-Ga4\u2212mInm":[134],"configurations.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
