{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034218543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","title":"Natural Killer Cells in Healthy and Diseased Subjects","display_name":"Natural Killer Cells in Healthy and Diseased Subjects","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034218543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","mag":"2034218543","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21904444","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3166578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/795251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2011/795251.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1010394304","display_name":"BioMed Research International","issn_l":"1110-7243","issn":["1110-7243","1110-7251","2314-6133","2314-6141"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BioMed Research International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2011/795251.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006485743","display_name":"Roberto Biassoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-8166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4365-8166"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801463291","display_name":"Istituto Giannina Gaslini","ror":"https://ror.org/0424g0k78","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Biassoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Medicine , Department of Experimental Medicine , Instituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova 16147 , Italy","Istituto Giannina Gaslini"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Medicine , Department of Experimental Medicine , Instituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova 16147 , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Giannina Gaslini","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105466343","display_name":"John E. Coligan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John E. Coligan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Receptor Cell Biology Section , Laboratory of Immunogenetics , NIAID , NIH , Rockville , MD 20852 , USA","National Institutes of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Receptor Cell Biology Section , Laboratory of Immunogenetics , NIAID , NIH , Rockville , MD 20852 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institutes of Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020843731","display_name":"Lorenzo Moretta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4658-1747","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4658-1747"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801463291","display_name":"Istituto Giannina Gaslini","ror":"https://ror.org/0424g0k78","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Moretta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Medicine , Department of Experimental Medicine , Instituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova 16147 , Italy","Istituto Giannina Gaslini"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Medicine , Department of Experimental Medicine , Instituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova 16147 , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Giannina Gaslini","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006485743"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801463291"],"apc_list":{"value":2680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2680},"apc_paid":{"value":2680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2680},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2011","issue":"1","first_page":"795251","last_page":"795251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11020","display_name":"Immune Cell Function and Interaction","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11020","display_name":"Immune Cell Function and Interaction","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11510","display_name":"Reproductive System and Pregnancy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11313","display_name":"Immune cells in cancer","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-killer-cells","display_name":"natural killer cells","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nk-cell-markers","display_name":"NK cell markers","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nk-cell-function","display_name":"NK cell function","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-receptor-delta-chain","display_name":"T cell receptor delta chain","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nk-cell-biology","display_name":"NK cell biology","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5497527718544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5309984683990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.46575409173965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.4578160345554352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139563560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224930","display_name":"Natural killer T cell","level":4,"score":0.4528910517692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.41756486892700195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.37857306003570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.2168804109096527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1659744381904602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.09537452459335327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005805","descriptor_name":"Genes, MHC Class I","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007694","descriptor_name":"Killer Cells, Natural","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D035843","descriptor_name":"Biomedical Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054340","descriptor_name":"Receptors, KIR","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/795251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2011/795251.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1010394304","display_name":"BioMed Research International","issn_l":"1110-7243","issn":["1110-7243","1110-7251","2314-6133","2314-6141"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BioMed Research International","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3166578","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3166578","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Biomed Biotechnol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:21904444","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21904444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:02244fb9da214049a9b716945da05fdf","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/02244fb9da214049a9b716945da05fdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Vol 2011 (2011)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/292821","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11567/292821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1155/2011/795251","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/795251","pdf_url":"https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2011/795251.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1010394304","display_name":"BioMed Research International","issn_l":"1110-7243","issn":["1110-7243","1110-7251","2314-6133","2314-6141"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869","https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation","Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BioMed Research International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034218543.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034218543.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1961239616","https://openalex.org/W1973009696","https://openalex.org/W1975388230","https://openalex.org/W1983320974","https://openalex.org/W1992525239","https://openalex.org/W1998208428","https://openalex.org/W1999341037","https://openalex.org/W1999420561","https://openalex.org/W2005765588","https://openalex.org/W2015959332","https://openalex.org/W2019686157","https://openalex.org/W2019995256","https://openalex.org/W2031721011","https://openalex.org/W2044016143","https://openalex.org/W2055679291","https://openalex.org/W2057542145","https://openalex.org/W2063223391","https://openalex.org/W2064449233","https://openalex.org/W2067324236","https://openalex.org/W2074501389","https://openalex.org/W2079786360","https://openalex.org/W2079923162","https://openalex.org/W2113865694","https://openalex.org/W2114801161","https://openalex.org/W2118343763","https://openalex.org/W2122739582","https://openalex.org/W2129278872","https://openalex.org/W2138441047","https://openalex.org/W2140063145","https://openalex.org/W2144891041","https://openalex.org/W2159397583","https://openalex.org/W2165279245","https://openalex.org/W2172005924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2187925775","https://openalex.org/W1532141290","https://openalex.org/W3036785170","https://openalex.org/W2036376304","https://openalex.org/W2013590294","https://openalex.org/W67355536","https://openalex.org/W1592501696","https://openalex.org/W4400430425","https://openalex.org/W2741074205","https://openalex.org/W17105011"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Natural":[0],"killer":[1],"cells":[2,5,44,54],"or":[3],"NK":[4,43],"have":[6],"been":[7],"known":[8],"since":[9],"the":[10,13,34,37,50,57,64,67,70],"70s":[11],"on":[12],"basis":[14],"of":[15,52,66,69],"their":[16],"functional":[17],"properties":[18],"[1,":[19],"2],":[20],"but":[21],"essentially":[22,62],"no":[23],"molecular":[24],"markers":[25],"existed":[26],"able":[27],"to":[28],"specifically":[29],"identify":[30],"them.":[31],"Still":[32],"in":[33,42,56,63],"early":[35],"eighties,":[36],"few":[38],"scientists":[39],"that":[40],"worked":[41],"field":[45],"had":[46],"difficulty":[47],"convincing":[48],"about":[49],"existence":[51],"those":[53],"while,":[55],"same":[58],"period,":[59],"immunologists":[60],"were":[61],"search":[65],"\u03b4-chain":[68],"T-cell":[71],"receptor.":[72]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}