{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2034136366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","title":"Design of the Bevalac heavy ion spectrometer system and its performance in studying 12C fragmentation","display_name":"Design of the Bevalac heavy ion spectrometer system and its performance in studying 12C fragmentation","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2034136366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","mag":"2034136366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145630073","display_name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","issn_l":"0168-9002","issn":["0168-9002","1872-9576"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111709534","display_name":"J. Engelage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3581-7324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3581-7324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256501","display_name":"Space Sciences Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/048400679","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256501","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Engelage","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.C. Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.C. Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256501","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031898084","display_name":"M. Baumgartner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.E. Baumgartner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015039503","display_name":"E. Beleal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Beleal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023485499","display_name":"B.L. Berman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.L. Berman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088035387","display_name":"F. Bieser","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Bieser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008525137","display_name":"F. Paul Brady","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F.P. Brady","raw_affiliation_strings":["[University of California, Davis, CA~, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of California, Davis, CA~, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111444419","display_name":"M.C. Bronson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Bronson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113834015","display_name":"J. Carroll","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.B. Carroll","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017561360","display_name":"H. J. Crawford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7832-0448","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7832-0448"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256501","display_name":"Space Sciences Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/048400679","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256501","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.J. Crawford","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.C. Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.C. Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256501","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079985726","display_name":"I. Flores","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9107-3608","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9107-3608"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256501","display_name":"Space Sciences Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/048400679","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256501","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Flores","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.C. Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.C. Space Science Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256501","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072332900","display_name":"Douglas E. Greiner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.E. Greiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114374238","display_name":"L. Greiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-6245","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1476-6245"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Greiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049570653","display_name":"Osamu Hashimoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-3655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8481-3655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Hashimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107861943","display_name":"G. J. Igo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Igo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112045836","display_name":"Seiji Kadota","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kadota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074564889","display_name":"P. Kirk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.N. Kirk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107309403","display_name":"Peter J. Lindstrom","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.J. Lindstrom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065630102","display_name":"Charles McParland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. McParland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107913080","display_name":"S. Nagamiya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Nagamiya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107828864","display_name":"D. Olson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.L. Olson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111450715","display_name":"Jermain D. Porter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Porter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107897077","display_name":"J. L. Romero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0985-619X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0985-619X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.L. Romero","raw_affiliation_strings":["[University of California, Davis, CA~, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of California, Davis, CA~, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103488679","display_name":"Chris Ruiz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.L. Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge,LA,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge,LA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107852830","display_name":"T. J. M. Symons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.J.M. Symons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014629291","display_name":"I. Tanihata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7484-0921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7484-0921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Tanihata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Nuclear study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Nuclear study, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030328006","display_name":"R. Wada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-3548","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-3548"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Wada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046114558","display_name":"M. L. Webb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.L. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["[University of California, Davis, CA~, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of California, Davis, CA~, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. Yamada","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Yamada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006265257","display_name":"Herman Yee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Yee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2620},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3308,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79907723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"277","issue":"2-3","first_page":"431","last_page":"444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.8604000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.8604000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10093","display_name":"Nuclear physics research studies","score":0.10949999839067459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10527","display_name":"High-Energy Particle Collisions Research","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bevalac","display_name":"Bevalac","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superconducting-magnets","display_name":"superconducting magnets","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drift-chambers","display_name":"drift chambers","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-multiplicity-events","display_name":"high-multiplicity events","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-acquisition","display_name":"data acquisition","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-reconstruction","display_name":"event reconstruction","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector-performance","display_name":"detector performance","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33390570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188463","display_name":"Spectrometer","level":2,"score":0.7497646808624268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.735034167766571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6373500227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163985040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172399","display_name":"Data acquisition","level":2,"score":0.5818676948547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5222773551940918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156004811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2228257","display_name":"Multiplicity (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5008544921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991948145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16801175","display_name":"National laboratory","level":2,"score":0.4902649223804474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988362075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12416032","display_name":"Heavy ion","level":3,"score":0.48121121525764465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102637530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078889","display_name":"Scintillation","level":3,"score":0.4393380880355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.42221102118492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189166818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130825","display_name":"Particle accelerator","level":3,"score":0.42013904452323914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.24140536785125732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14494213461875916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.1423603892326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.12944164872169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.06940644979476929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(89)90772-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145630073","display_name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","issn_l":"0168-9002","issn":["0168-9002","1872-9576"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt31t1r6gc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:qt31t1r6gc","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Engelage, J.; Baumgartner, M.E.; & Beleal, E.(1988). DESIGN OF THE BEVALAC HEAVY ION SPECTROMETER SYSTEM AND ITS PERFORMANCE IN STUDYING [SUP]12 C FRAGMENTATION. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt31t1r6gc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/31t1r6gc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1398330795","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC03-?","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1643223109","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC03-76SF00098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G193590374","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DEAC03-76SF00098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337511","display_name":"High Energy Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/035m6g344"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337512","display_name":"Nuclear Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/02atag894"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034136366.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2034136366.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W230952279","https://openalex.org/W1976087632","https://openalex.org/W1979407714","https://openalex.org/W2006608685","https://openalex.org/W2010686494","https://openalex.org/W2025199137","https://openalex.org/W2028132095","https://openalex.org/W2040874407","https://openalex.org/W2050064871","https://openalex.org/W2050473077","https://openalex.org/W2059503961","https://openalex.org/W2063980049","https://openalex.org/W2067991186","https://openalex.org/W2070600102","https://openalex.org/W2076298908","https://openalex.org/W2080274774","https://openalex.org/W2081023972","https://openalex.org/W2118545588"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7046533228","https://openalex.org/W2570728246","https://openalex.org/W2050473077","https://openalex.org/W7059971220","https://openalex.org/W3106629686","https://openalex.org/W2783919263","https://openalex.org/W3174967096","https://openalex.org/W32279927","https://openalex.org/W2463023880","https://openalex.org/W1517714324"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}