{"id":"https://openalex.org/W203409891","doi":null,"title":"Abnormalities in the immune system of children with beta-thalassaemia major.","display_name":"Abnormalities in the immune system of children with beta-thalassaemia major.","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W203409891","mag":"203409891","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3498580","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1542746"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1542746","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1542746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Exp Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1542746","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J Dwyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Dwyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016518237","display_name":"Colin Wood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076959426","display_name":"James McNamara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0995-6151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0995-6151"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J McNamara","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051178113","display_name":"A Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111407754","display_name":"Warren A. Andiman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W Andiman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080755832","display_name":"Linda Rink","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Rink","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"T O'Connor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T O'Connor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111969513","display_name":"Helen Pearson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Pearson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70276775,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"3","first_page":"621","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10554","display_name":"Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11725","display_name":"Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11660","display_name":"Blood groups and transfusion","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-thalassaemia-major","display_name":"beta-thalassaemia major","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunological-abnormalities","display_name":"immune abnormalities","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/splenectomy","display_name":"splenectomy","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-cells","display_name":"B cells","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t4-t8-ratio","display_name":"T4/T8 ratio","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cells","display_name":"T cells","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyclonal-gammopathy","display_name":"polyclonal gammopathy","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymphocyte-proliferation","display_name":"lymphocyte proliferation","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-serology","display_name":"HIV serology","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.37599998712539673}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.795386791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.630504310131073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777761686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q715347","display_name":"Lymphocyte","level":2,"score":0.49062004685401917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C956191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930144","display_name":"Polyclonal antibodies","level":3,"score":0.4780038893222809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780917455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310443","display_name":"Candida albicans","level":2,"score":0.4729045629501343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4643438458442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.4452459216117859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3797287344932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.3567105531692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001402","descriptor_name":"B-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007111","descriptor_name":"Immunity, Cellular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007136","descriptor_name":"Immunoglobulins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007958","descriptor_name":"Leukocyte Count","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008213","descriptor_name":"Lymphocyte Activation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013156","descriptor_name":"Splenectomy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013789","descriptor_name":"Thalassemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013789","descriptor_name":"Thalassemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065227","descriptor_name":"Transfusion Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1542746","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1542746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Exp Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:3498580","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3498580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical and experimental immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:203409891","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3498580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1542746","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1542746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Exp Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27482721","https://openalex.org/W301415124","https://openalex.org/W1506376365","https://openalex.org/W1970890233","https://openalex.org/W2012009694","https://openalex.org/W2035825867","https://openalex.org/W2037135991","https://openalex.org/W2056360848","https://openalex.org/W2060515380","https://openalex.org/W2086867466","https://openalex.org/W2088529012","https://openalex.org/W2092291251","https://openalex.org/W2122474338","https://openalex.org/W2131033636","https://openalex.org/W2247835151","https://openalex.org/W2340473515","https://openalex.org/W2346520058","https://openalex.org/W2406230428","https://openalex.org/W2408999936","https://openalex.org/W2413149547","https://openalex.org/W2415019444","https://openalex.org/W2416847529","https://openalex.org/W2471914540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2599506511","https://openalex.org/W4394614461","https://openalex.org/W2004460152","https://openalex.org/W2013226795","https://openalex.org/W189547959","https://openalex.org/W1986846852","https://openalex.org/W2049833100","https://openalex.org/W2315284063","https://openalex.org/W4313456187","https://openalex.org/W2086867466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"studied":[2],"both":[3,115],"the":[4,28,62,83,94,163,168],"humoral":[5],"and":[6,34,61,89,98,118,142],"cell":[7],"mediated":[8],"immune":[9],"systems":[10],"of":[11,30,48,85,96,176],"23":[12],"children":[13,18,72,153],"with":[14,58,123,146,154,167],"beta-thalassaemia":[15],"major.":[16],"In":[17,71],"who":[19,73],"had":[20,45,64,74,128],"not":[21],"been":[22,75],"splenectomized,":[23,76],"a":[24,35,79,90,109,147],"3-fold":[25],"expansion":[26],"in":[27,69,82,93,102,121],"number":[29,84,95],"circulating":[31,49,86],"B":[32,87],"cells":[33,100],"modest":[36],"polyclonal":[37],"gammopathy":[38],"was":[39,78],"present.":[40],"Of":[41],"these":[42,106],"patients":[43,107,127],"70%":[44],"decreased":[46,65],"numbers":[47],"T4":[50,97],"cells;":[51],"83%":[52],"were":[53,111],"unresponsive":[54],"to":[55,114,138,161],"skin":[56,116],"testing":[57,117],"Candida":[59,124],"albicans,":[60],"majority":[63],"lymphocyte":[66,119],"proliferative":[67],"responses":[68],"vitro.":[70],"there":[77],"10-fold":[80],"increase":[81,92],"lymphocytes":[88],"2-fold":[91],"T8":[99],"present":[101],"peripheral":[103],"blood.":[104],"Additionally,":[105],"as":[108],"group":[110],"more":[112],"responsive":[113],"stimulation":[120],"vitro":[122],"albicans.":[125],"Seven":[126],"an":[129],"inverted":[130],"T4/T8":[131,149],"ratio.":[132,150],"One":[133],"child":[134],"has":[135],"positive":[136],"serology":[137],"HIV":[139],"by":[140],"ELISA":[141],"Western":[143],"Blot":[144],"techniques":[145],"normal":[148],"Thus,":[151],"while":[152],"thalassaemia":[155],"are":[156],"at":[157],"risk":[158],"for":[159],"exposure":[160],"HIV,":[162],"immunological":[164,179],"abnormalities":[165],"associated":[166],"disease":[169],"and/or":[170],"its":[171],"treatment":[172],"necessitates":[173],"cautious":[174],"interpretation":[175],"any":[177],"AIDS-related":[178],"changes.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}