{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033974000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2199598","title":"Consistency of absorbed dose to water measurements using 21 ion-chamber models following the AAPM TG51 and TG21 calibration protocols","display_name":"Consistency of absorbed dose to water measurements using 21 ion-chamber models following the AAPM TG51 and TG21 calibration protocols","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033974000","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2199598","mag":"2033974000","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16872089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1118/1.2199598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2199598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2199598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95522064","display_name":"Medical Physics","issn_l":"0094-2405","issn":["0094-2405","1522-8541","2473-4209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109162407","display_name":"Ramesh C. Tailor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8144-2622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8144-2622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh C. Tailor","raw_affiliation_strings":["MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085165948","display_name":"William F. Hanson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William F. Hanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080532053","display_name":"Nathan H. Wells","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Wells","raw_affiliation_strings":["MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035216747","display_name":"Geoffrey S. Ibbott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-2408","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-2408"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343551460","display_name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey S. Ibbott","raw_affiliation_strings":["MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030","Radiation Physics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Physics","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343551460"],"apc_list":{"value":3360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60051394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"6Part1","first_page":"1818","last_page":"1828"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13414","display_name":"Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionization-chamber-dosimetry","display_name":"ionization chamber dosimetry","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorbed-dose-to-water","display_name":"absorbed dose to water","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionization-chamber-calibration","display_name":"ionization chamber calibration","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-dosimetry","display_name":"electron beam dosimetry","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-dosimetry","display_name":"photon beam dosimetry","score":0.9580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151770136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640610","display_name":"Ionization chamber","level":4,"score":0.8321664333343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75088862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2291081","display_name":"Dosimetry","level":2,"score":0.7963854074478149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151337348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215313","display_name":"Absorbed dose","level":3,"score":0.758238673210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105636585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q303665","display_name":"Dosimeter","level":3,"score":0.7157077789306641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6701246500015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178639098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1739288","display_name":"Kerma","level":3,"score":0.6295753717422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63007395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122891","display_name":"Dose profile","level":3,"score":0.5345401167869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.451337605714798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.44655293226242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.40555059909820557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.3669281601905823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.3452926278114319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3330234885215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.33176618814468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1991633176803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198291218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190382","display_name":"Ionization","level":3,"score":0.1551099419593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09775343537330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1118/1.2199598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2199598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2199598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95522064","display_name":"Medical Physics","issn_l":"0094-2405","issn":["0094-2405","1522-8541","2473-4209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16872089","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16872089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332521","display_name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04twxam07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983665943","https://openalex.org/W1984499854","https://openalex.org/W2040077136","https://openalex.org/W2080308965","https://openalex.org/W2089965426","https://openalex.org/W2108518696","https://openalex.org/W2112172279","https://openalex.org/W2133801538","https://openalex.org/W2165767756","https://openalex.org/W7065989091"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1475474447","https://openalex.org/W4254299634","https://openalex.org/W2089965426","https://openalex.org/W1968932527","https://openalex.org/W1987812066","https://openalex.org/W2075783085","https://openalex.org/W2055136422","https://openalex.org/W2373117801","https://openalex.org/W2000566918","https://openalex.org/W2134056892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,285],"1999,":[1],"the":[2,20,42,48,54,60,63,74,82,86,97,100,103,170,199,203,261,278,282,288,294,311],"AAPM":[3],"introduced":[4],"a":[5,71,109,160,163,222,231,258,301],"reference":[6],"dosimetry":[7,58,195],"protocol,":[8,22],"known":[9,23],"as":[10,24,177,257,326],"TG51,":[11],"based":[12,28,214],"on":[13,29,215],"an":[14,30,186,217,226],"absorbed":[15,49,64,112],"dose":[16,50,65,113],"standard.":[17,33],"This":[18,91,106],"replaced":[19],"previous":[21],"TG21,":[25],"which":[26],"was":[27],"air":[31],"kerma":[32],"A":[34,67,147,320],"significant":[35,68],"body":[36],"of":[37,47,62,77,88,102,111,121,137,144,150,166,172,244,304],"literature":[38],"has":[39],"emerged":[40],"discussing":[41],"improved":[43],"accuracy":[44,76],"and":[45,52,119,126,129,141,169,202,220],"robustness":[46],"standard,":[51],"quantifying":[53],"changes":[55],"in":[56,73,96,159,182,188,211,230,291],"baseline":[57],"with":[59,156,191,196,225,250,270],"introduction":[61],"protocol.":[66,272],"component":[69],"playing":[70],"role":[72],"overall":[75],"beam":[78,262],"output":[79,263,292],"determination":[80],"is":[81,99,298,314],"variability":[83],"due":[84],"to":[85,265,281,318],"use":[87,171],"different":[89,117],"dosimeters.":[90],"issue,":[92],"not":[93],"adequately":[94],"addressed":[95],"past,":[98],"focus":[101],"present":[104],"study.":[105],"work":[107],"provides":[108],"comparison":[110,224],"determinations":[114],"using":[115],"21":[116],"makes":[118],"models":[120,136,143],"ion":[122,139,175],"chambers":[123,140,158,176,181,267,297,322],"for":[124,241],"low-":[125],"high-energy":[127,232],"photon":[128,183],"electron":[130,194,233,248],"beams.":[131],"The":[132],"study":[133],"included":[134],"13":[135],"cylindrical":[138,228,266,283,296],"eight":[142],"plane-parallel":[145,197,255,279,309],"chambers.":[146],"high":[148,173],"degree":[149],"precision":[151],"(<0.25%)":[152],"resulted":[153],"from":[154,293],"measurements":[155],"all":[157,286],"single":[161],"setting,":[162],"sufficient":[164],"number":[165],"repeat":[167],"readings,":[168],"quality":[174],"external":[178],"monitors.":[179],"Cylindrical":[180],"beams":[184],"show":[185,253],"improvement":[187],"chamber-to-chamber":[189],"consistency":[190],"TG51.":[192],"For":[193,308],"chambers,":[198,256,310],"parameters":[200],"Ngas":[201],"product":[204],"ND,w":[205],"x":[206],"k(ecal)":[207],"were":[208],"each":[209],"determined":[210],"two":[212],"ways,":[213],"(i)":[216,252],"ADCL":[218],"calibration,":[219],"(ii)":[221],"cross":[223],"ADCL-calibrated":[227],"chamber":[229,236,245],"beam.":[234],"Plane-parallel":[235],"results,":[237],"therefore,":[238],"are":[239],"presented":[240],"both":[242],"methods":[243],"calibration.":[246],"Our":[247],"results":[249,280],"technique":[251],"that":[254],"group,":[259],"overestimate":[260],"relative":[264],"by":[268,275],"1%-2%":[269],"either":[271],"Technique":[273],"(ii),":[274],"definition,":[276],"normalizes":[277],"results.":[284],"cases,":[287],"maximum":[289,312],"spread":[290,313],"various":[295],"<2%":[299],"implying":[300],"standard":[302],"deviation":[303],"less":[305],"than":[306],"0.5%.":[307],"somewhat":[315],"larger,":[316],"up":[317],"3%.":[319],"few":[321],"have":[323],"been":[324],"identified":[325],"outliers.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
