{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033952998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","title":"A trading\u2010card game teaching about host defence","display_name":"A trading\u2010card game teaching about host defence","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033952998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","mag":"2033952998","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12472757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54816476","display_name":"Medical Education","issn_l":"0308-0110","issn":["0308-0110","1365-2923"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045668385","display_name":"Richard A. Steinman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-418X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8354-418X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard A Steinman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA. steinman@pitt.edu","University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine,, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA. steinman@pitt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine,, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072422747","display_name":"Mary T Blastos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary T Blastos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045668385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":{"value":5250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6578,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78701243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"12","first_page":"1201","last_page":"1208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14376","display_name":"Science and Education Research","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trading-card-games","display_name":"trading card games","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-defense","display_name":"host defense","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-pathogen-interaction","display_name":"host-pathogen interaction","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-diseases","display_name":"infectious diseases","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology-education","display_name":"immunology education","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-games","display_name":"game-based learning","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-students","display_name":"medical students","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/junior-high-school-students","display_name":"junior high school students","score":0.5820000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7162598967552185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778975910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967077","display_name":"PARRY","level":2,"score":0.6994062066078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126831891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Host (biology)","level":2,"score":0.503678023815155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018769082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506693","display_name":"Serious game","level":2,"score":0.43791553378105164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42899084091186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993838110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494230","display_name":"Medical school","level":2,"score":0.42621058225631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.42254793643951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4178900718688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3721361458301544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30987149477005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.30773964524269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.28989914059638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.19313892722129822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13742780685424805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10361471772193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0879356861114502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002321","descriptor_name":"Career Choice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003479","descriptor_name":"Curriculum","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004501","descriptor_name":"Education, Medical","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005717","descriptor_name":"Games, Experimental","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006790","descriptor_name":"Host-Parasite Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01384.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54816476","display_name":"Medical Education","issn_l":"0308-0110","issn":["0308-0110","1365-2923"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12472757","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12472757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical education","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.550000011920929}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73173541","https://openalex.org/W161954666","https://openalex.org/W1543341479","https://openalex.org/W1909796143","https://openalex.org/W1975713018","https://openalex.org/W1986542819","https://openalex.org/W2008387288","https://openalex.org/W2012965631","https://openalex.org/W2017435962","https://openalex.org/W2030190145","https://openalex.org/W2039036115","https://openalex.org/W2051216619","https://openalex.org/W2057293602","https://openalex.org/W2082506799","https://openalex.org/W2199161759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145197777","https://openalex.org/W7099749536","https://openalex.org/W4407513568","https://openalex.org/W7172317152","https://openalex.org/W4210606227","https://openalex.org/W2200030805","https://openalex.org/W6941234145","https://openalex.org/W4412916058","https://openalex.org/W4403823620","https://openalex.org/W4416446910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"heighten":[2],"the":[3,68,120,145,154],"understanding":[4],"of":[5],"host-disease":[6],"interactions":[7],"by":[8],"adolescents":[9],"and":[10,50,64,76,94,101,136],"young":[11],"adults,":[12],"using":[13,86],"a":[14,108,166],"trading":[15,21,162],"card":[16,22,163],"game":[17,23,83,155],"format.":[18],"DESIGN:":[19],"A":[20,59],"was":[24,84,107],"developed":[25],"in":[26,67,89,111,119],"which":[27],"paired":[28],"students":[29],"attack":[30],"one":[31],"another":[32],"with":[33,39],"pathogens":[34,44],"or":[35,45],"parry":[36],"those":[37],"attacks":[38],"appropriate":[40],"defences.":[41],"Twenty-five":[42],"infectious":[43],"cancers,":[46],"30":[47],"defence":[48],"agents":[49],"6":[51],"health":[52],"status":[53],"modifying":[54],"conditions":[55],"were":[56,104],"included.":[57],"SETTING:":[58],"middle":[60],"school,":[61],"upper":[62],"school":[63,66],"medical":[65,79,95,146],"United":[69],"States.":[70],"SUBJECTS:":[71],"8th":[72,90,121],"grade,":[73],"10th":[74,92,131],"grade":[75],"first":[77],"year":[78],"students.":[80,96,147],"RESULTS:":[81],"The":[82],"tested":[85],"pre-test/post-test":[87],"evaluations":[88],"graders,":[91],"graders":[93,122,132],"Factual":[97],"information,":[98],"pathogen-organ":[99],"specificity,":[100],"general":[102],"concepts":[103],"tested.":[105],"There":[106],"significant":[109],"increase":[110],"test":[112],"scores,":[113],"from":[114,126,137],"39%":[115],"to":[116,128,139,149,153],"58%":[117],"correct":[118],"(P":[123,133,141],"<":[124],"0.0001),":[125],"47%":[127],"59%":[129],"among":[130,144],"=":[134,142],"0.0007),":[135],"80%":[138],"88%":[140],"0.049)":[143],"Responses":[148],"control":[150],"questions":[151],"unrelated":[152],"did":[156],"not":[157],"improve.":[158],"CONCLUSION:":[159],"An":[160],"interactive":[161],"format":[164],"is":[165],"useful":[167],"method":[168],"for":[169],"conveying":[170],"information":[171],"about":[172],"host":[173],"defence.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
