{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033899136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.4057","title":"Creating and probing subwavelength atomic gratings using spatially separated fields","display_name":"Creating and probing subwavelength atomic gratings using spatially separated fields","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033899136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.4057","mag":"2033899136","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9911380"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreva.50.4057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.4057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.4057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164566984","display_name":"Physical Review A","issn_l":"0556-2791","issn":["0556-2791","1050-2947","1094-1622","1538-4446","2469-9926","2469-9934","2469-9942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review A","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019574993","display_name":"B. Dubetsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-4577","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1924-4577"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Dubetsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Department, University of Michigan, Randall Laboratories, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1120"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Department, University of Michigan, Randall Laboratories, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1120","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059605086","display_name":"P. R. Berman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0802-9388","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0802-9388"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. R. Berman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physics Department, University of Michigan, Randall Laboratories, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1120"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Department, University of Michigan, Randall Laboratories, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1120","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":2675,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2675},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7134,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82354885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"5","first_page":"4057","last_page":"4068"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.5458999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11414","display_name":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","score":0.5458999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10425","display_name":"Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates","score":0.3822999894618988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.009200000204145908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standing-wave-laser-field","display_name":"standing-wave laser field","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperfine-splitting","display_name":"hyperfine splitting","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spontaneous-decay","display_name":"spontaneous decay","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probe-absorption","display_name":"probe absorption","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkali-metals","display_name":"alkali metals","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadowing-effect","display_name":"shadowing","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fine-structure","display_name":"fine structure","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9235891699790955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131538251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413102","display_name":"Hyperfine structure","level":2,"score":0.7130764126777649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188414643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001183","display_name":"Harmonics","level":3,"score":0.5648069977760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.532304048538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778113609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10897","display_name":"Lambda","level":2,"score":0.4911951720714569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4289497137069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.41285884380340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.18370512127876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreva.50.4057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.4057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.50.4057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164566984","display_name":"Physical Review A","issn_l":"0556-2791","issn":["0556-2791","1050-2947","1094-1622","1538-4446","2469-9926","2469-9934","2469-9942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review A","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9911380","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9911380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970905554","https://openalex.org/W1984019803","https://openalex.org/W1991713112","https://openalex.org/W1995852788","https://openalex.org/W1995916987","https://openalex.org/W1998459856","https://openalex.org/W2007613118","https://openalex.org/W2010837569","https://openalex.org/W2011224970","https://openalex.org/W2019545580","https://openalex.org/W2023381927","https://openalex.org/W2024459149","https://openalex.org/W2055029819","https://openalex.org/W2067973980","https://openalex.org/W2073083725","https://openalex.org/W2074496196","https://openalex.org/W2076648455","https://openalex.org/W2083419159","https://openalex.org/W2087607351","https://openalex.org/W2093012335","https://openalex.org/W2096823500","https://openalex.org/W2106716244","https://openalex.org/W2154510895","https://openalex.org/W2485816801","https://openalex.org/W4253147674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984449789","https://openalex.org/W1660722632","https://openalex.org/W2055217464","https://openalex.org/W1560185923","https://openalex.org/W2037542065","https://openalex.org/W1963074069","https://openalex.org/W2026381505","https://openalex.org/W1965855179","https://openalex.org/W2081043744","https://openalex.org/W4414127008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,53,113,182],"interaction":[1,54],"of":[2,25,32,46,66,79,90,128,184,192],"an":[3],"atomic":[4,27],"beam":[5,96],"with":[6,55],"three":[7],"spatially":[8],"separated":[9,57],"linearly":[10],"polarized":[11],"standing-wave":[12,121],"fields":[13,56],"is":[14,39,83,87,162,188],"considered,":[15],"taking":[16],"into":[17],"account":[18],"the":[19,26,33,50,77,80,88,91,125,129,140,156,185],"magnetic":[20],"degeneracy":[21],"and":[22,38,73,148,171],"hyperfine":[23,149],"splitting":[24],"levels.":[28],"A":[29],"spatial":[30,165,186],"modulation":[31,172],"ground-state":[34],"density":[35],"matrix":[36],"occurs,":[37],"not":[40],"washed":[41],"out":[42],"as":[43],"a":[44,59,64,95,119,193],"result":[45],"spontaneous":[47],"decay":[48],"from":[49,108],"upper":[51],"states.":[52],"by":[58],"distance":[60],"L":[61],"results":[62],"in":[63,124,179,190],"focusing":[65,183],"harmonics":[67,106,187],"at":[68],"distances":[69],"L'=(m/n)L,":[70],"where":[71,85],"m":[72],"n":[74],"are":[75,151,159],"integers;":[76],"period":[78],"matter":[81],"gratings":[82,114],"\\ensuremath{\\lambda}/2n,":[84],"\\ensuremath{\\lambda}":[86],"wavelength":[89],"radiation":[92],"field.":[93],"For":[94],"having":[97,145,167],"angular":[98],"divergence":[99],"\\ensuremath{\\theta},":[100],"one":[101,137],"can":[102,115,176],"observe":[103],"these":[104],"higher":[105],"independently":[107],"each":[109],"other":[110],"if":[111],"L\\ensuremath{\\gg}\\ensuremath{\\lambda}/\\ensuremath{\\theta}.":[112],"be":[116,177],"probed":[117],"using":[118],"third":[120],"laser":[122],"field":[123],"focal":[126],"plane":[127],"harmonic":[130],"under":[131],"investigation.":[132],"General":[133],"expressions":[134],"that":[135,164],"allow":[136],"to":[138],"calculate":[139],"probe":[141],"absorption":[142],"for":[143,155],"atoms":[144],"arbitrary":[146],"fine":[147],"structure":[150],"derived.":[152],"Explicit":[153],"calculations":[154],"alkali":[157],"metals":[158],"presented.":[160],"It":[161],"predicted":[163],"modulations":[166],"periods":[168],"30--500":[169],"nm":[170],"depths":[173],"2.5--50":[174],"%":[175],"produced":[178],"this":[180],"manner.":[181],"interpreted":[189],"terms":[191],"shadow":[194],"effect.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
