{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033782129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/591711","title":"Outposts of Science: The Knowledge Trade and the Expansion of Scientific Community in Post\u2013Civil War America","display_name":"Outposts of Science: The Knowledge Trade and the Expansion of Scientific Community in Post\u2013Civil War America","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033782129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/591711","mag":"2033782129","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18959194"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/591711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/591711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/591711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192525298","display_name":"Isis","issn_l":"0021-1753","issn":["0021-1753","1545-6994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Isis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059053018","display_name":"Daniel M. Goldstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Goldstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Humanities and Social Sciences Department, Peter J. Shields Library, University of California, Davis, 100 North West Quad, Davis, California 95616, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Humanities and Social Sciences Department, Peter J. Shields Library, University of California, Davis, 100 North West Quad, Davis, California 95616, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059053018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4363,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9434453,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"99","issue":"3","first_page":"519","last_page":"546"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.7407000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.7407000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.2134000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.0333000011742115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-community","display_name":"scientific communities","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissemination-of-scientific-information","display_name":"dissemination of scientific information","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-literacy","display_name":"scientific literacy","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-support-for-science","display_name":"public support for science","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nineteenth-century-science","display_name":"19th-century science","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-civil-war-united-states","display_name":"post-Civil War United States","score":0.8450000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.579166829586029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.520012617111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5006906986236572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.47170329093933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195732255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q981008","display_name":"Sociology of scientific knowledge","level":2,"score":0.4629247188568115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137355542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362","display_name":"World War II","level":2,"score":0.4319613575935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.42641955614089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38689690828323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3469861149787903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3452951908111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2333417534828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.08202919363975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000047","descriptor_name":"Academies and Institutes","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012586","descriptor_name":"Science","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012958","descriptor_name":"Societies, Scientific","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019359","descriptor_name":"Knowledge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/591711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/591711","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/591711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192525298","display_name":"Isis","issn_l":"0021-1753","issn":["0021-1753","1545-6994"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Isis","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18959194","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18959194","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Isis; an international review devoted to the history of science and its cultural influences","raw_type":"Historical Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120410363","https://openalex.org/W625069580","https://openalex.org/W1585767187","https://openalex.org/W1756327528","https://openalex.org/W2001597801","https://openalex.org/W2013907399","https://openalex.org/W2064578927","https://openalex.org/W2328017533","https://openalex.org/W2333871926","https://openalex.org/W4236560782","https://openalex.org/W4255771001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013907399","https://openalex.org/W4213212045","https://openalex.org/W4238587358","https://openalex.org/W4312098797","https://openalex.org/W7216874707","https://openalex.org/W3148087323","https://openalex.org/W6986701904","https://openalex.org/W3179288242","https://openalex.org/W6995788947","https://openalex.org/W207737802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"the":[1,5,15,50,55,63,71,74,82,88,93,110,141],"second":[2],"half":[3],"of":[4,52,57,65,84,95,114,143],"nineteenth":[6],"century,":[7],"local":[8,123,137],"and":[9,19,62,80,101,105,132,136],"regional":[10,107],"voluntary":[11],"societies":[12,86,100,124],"were":[13,125],"among":[14,99],"most":[16],"widespread,":[17],"accessible,":[18],"familiar":[20],"public":[21,42,66],"scientific":[22,53,96,130,138],"institutions":[23],"in":[24,38,49,70,127],"America.":[25],"Collectively,":[26],"they":[27],"made":[28],"up":[29],"an":[30,46,118],"institutional":[31],"network":[32],"that":[33],"converted":[34],"individuals'":[35],"private":[36],"interest":[37],"science":[39,69],"into":[40],"a":[41,58,103,128],"activity.":[43],"They":[44],"played":[45],"essential":[47],"role":[48],"dissemination":[51],"information,":[54],"growth":[56],"scientifically":[59],"literate":[60],"population,":[61],"extension":[64],"support":[67],"for":[68],"decades":[72],"after":[73],"Civil":[75],"War.":[76],"This":[77],"essay":[78],"delineates":[79],"maps":[81],"spread":[83],"these":[85],"throughout":[87],"country,":[89],"as":[90,92,117],"well":[91],"flow":[94],"information":[97],"both":[98],"between":[102,134],"society":[104],"its":[106],"hinterland.":[108],"Using":[109],"Davenport":[111],"[Iowa]":[112],"Academy":[113],"Natural":[115],"Sciences":[116],"example,":[119],"it":[120,135],"demonstrates":[121],"how":[122],"embedded":[126],"national":[129],"community":[131],"mediated":[133],"enthusiasts,":[139],"to":[140],"benefit":[142],"both.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
