{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033736697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.20130","title":"Robust matching with form model for faxed general form understanding","display_name":"Robust matching with form model for faxed general form understanding","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033736697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.20130","mag":"2033736697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ecjc.20130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.20130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.20130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187765","display_name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III Fundamental Electronic Science)","issn_l":"1042-0967","issn":["1042-0967","1520-6440"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069896191","display_name":"Takashi Hirano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-3922","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-3922"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133125","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/033y26782","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Hirano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura 247\u20108501, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura 247\u20108501, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113775489","display_name":"Yasuhiro S. Okada","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133125","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/033y26782","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuhiro Okada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura 247\u20108501, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura 247\u20108501, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026650486","display_name":"Fumio Yoda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133125","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/033y26782","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306287861","https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fumio Yoda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura 247\u20108501, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Kamakura 247\u20108501, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133125"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20774158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"87","issue":"12","first_page":"60","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-extraction","display_name":"field extraction","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keypoint-matching","display_name":"feature point matching","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-robustness","display_name":"noise robustness","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwritten-character-recognition","display_name":"handwritten character recognition","score":0.7429999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6536946892738342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6334806680679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6001471281051636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5494531393051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5140917897224426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5073994994163513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.503178060054779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4987819194793701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4902201294898987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48798316717147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.44932490587234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36240994930267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2718757688999176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1272742748260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07847046852111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ecjc.20130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.20130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecjc.20130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187765","display_name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III Fundamental Electronic Science)","issn_l":"1042-0967","issn":["1042-0967","1520-6440"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1871734663","https://openalex.org/W1949676551","https://openalex.org/W1997911821","https://openalex.org/W2059083866","https://openalex.org/W2082351946","https://openalex.org/W2103781424","https://openalex.org/W3150649775"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2112781011","https://openalex.org/W2098255620","https://openalex.org/W1964225368","https://openalex.org/W4245867587","https://openalex.org/W2114334540","https://openalex.org/W2042870627","https://openalex.org/W1999151612","https://openalex.org/W2130319267","https://openalex.org/W1542874756","https://openalex.org/W2109316658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"FAXOCR":[1],"is":[2,15,99,107,144,162],"a":[3,10,37,53,60,212],"device":[4],"that":[5],"reads":[6],"handwritten":[7],"characters":[8],"on":[9,46,68],"faxed":[11],"form.":[12],"However,":[13],"it":[14],"difficult":[16],"to":[17,33,134,146,152,164,171,181,193,206],"extract":[18],"fields":[19],"for":[20],"character":[21,119],"recognition":[22],"when":[23],"the":[24,47,69,73,75,80,84,88,96,102,105,110,117,129,160,167],"form":[25,62,70,81,89,97,168,184],"image":[26,82,98,169],"includes":[27],"deformation":[28,94,143],"or":[29,151],"noise.":[30],"In":[31,72],"order":[32],"cope":[34],"with":[35,44,137,190],"such":[36],"problem,":[38],"special":[39],"forms":[40,136],"have":[41],"been":[42,204,221],"used":[43],"constraints":[45,67],"format":[48],"structure.":[49,71],"This":[50],"paper":[51],"proposes":[52],"method":[54,130,161,178,201],"of":[55,87,95,104,142,148,155,166,186,218],"field":[56,106,207],"extraction":[57],"in":[58,126,238],"which":[59,123],"general":[61,135,183],"can":[63,113,131],"be":[64,114,132],"read":[65],"without":[66],"method,":[74],"feature":[76,85,111,149,157],"points":[77,86,112,150],"extracted":[78,115],"from":[79,116],"and":[83,101,121,159,173,195,209],"model":[90],"are":[91,124],"matched.":[92],"The":[93,140,176,200],"estimated,":[100],"position":[103],"determined.":[108],"Since":[109],"tables,":[118],"sequences,":[120],"illustrations":[122],"contained":[125],"ordinary":[127],"forms,":[128],"applied":[133,180,205],"diversified":[138],"structures.":[139],"estimation":[141],"robust":[145,163],"disappearance":[147],"new":[153],"appearance":[154],"excessive":[156],"points,":[158],"degradation":[165],"due":[170],"noise":[172],"other":[174],"disturbances.":[175],"proposed":[177],"was":[179,198],"650":[182],"images":[185],"50":[187],"different":[188],"kinds":[189],"deformations":[191],"inherent":[192],"fax,":[194],"its":[196],"effectiveness":[197],"demonstrated.":[199],"has":[202,220],"also":[203],"data,":[208],"performance":[210],"at":[211],"practical":[213],"level":[214],"(form":[215],"rejection":[216],"rate":[217],"3.5%)":[219],"obtained.":[222],"\u00a9":[223],"2004":[224],"Wiley":[225,239],"Periodicals,":[226],"Inc.":[227],"Electron":[228],"Comm":[229],"Jpn":[230],"Pt":[231],"3,":[232],"87(12):":[233],"60\u201372,":[234],"2004;":[235],"Published":[236],"online":[237],"InterScience":[240],"(":[241],"www.interscience.":[242],"wiley.com":[243],").":[244],"DOI":[245],"10.1002/ecjc.20130":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
