{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033565233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-152","title":"A multifactor ecological classification of the northern hardwood and conifer ecosystems of Sylvania Recreation Area, Upper Peninsula, Michigan","display_name":"A multifactor ecological classification of the northern hardwood and conifer ecosystems of Sylvania Recreation Area, Upper Peninsula, Michigan","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033565233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-152","mag":"2033565233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1139/x85-152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115310785","display_name":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","issn_l":"0045-5067","issn":["0045-5067","1208-6037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007676872","display_name":"Thomas A. Spies","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-3672","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-3672"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas A. Spies","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111434023","display_name":"Burton V. Barnes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burton V. Barnes","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1489,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74525118,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"949","last_page":"960"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14468","display_name":"Plant Ecology and Soil Science","score":0.7461000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14468","display_name":"Plant Ecology and Soil Science","score":0.7461000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.14429999887943268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.057100001722574234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-classification","display_name":"ecosystem classification","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/old-growth-forest","display_name":"old-growth forest","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-mapping","display_name":"ecosystem mapping","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-vegetation","display_name":"ground vegetation","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil","display_name":"soil","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physiography","display_name":"physiography","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-analysis","display_name":"discriminant analysis","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upland-ecosystems","display_name":"upland ecosystems","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetlands","display_name":"wetlands","score":0.8119999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.7546873092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.6858648061752319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6092311143875122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.510793924331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73935091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2249329","display_name":"Forest ecology","level":3,"score":0.5029944777488708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4836333990097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65680412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3718755","display_name":"Terrestrial ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.4769783914089203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776054349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18648871","display_name":"Vegetation classification","level":3,"score":0.4290534257888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.39989107847213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3639828562736511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15356728434562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1139/x85-152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/x85-152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115310785","display_name":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","issn_l":"0045-5067","issn":["0045-5067","1208-6037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian Journal of Forest Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":1.0,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3190532011","https://openalex.org/W2085959327","https://openalex.org/W4299494119","https://openalex.org/W2622767682","https://openalex.org/W2128726561","https://openalex.org/W2040113735","https://openalex.org/W2288274268","https://openalex.org/W2053426965","https://openalex.org/W2560473891","https://openalex.org/W2106191001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0,170],"ecological":[1,57,123],"method":[2,39],"of":[3,17,55,72,82,117,174,202],"multifactor":[4],"ecosystem":[5,47,50,84,177,220],"classification":[6,92],"was":[7,51,66,93,108],"applied":[8],"in":[9,24,95,105,165,216],"the":[10,70,73,79,96,132,175,181,199,203],"Sylvania":[11],"Recreation":[12],"Area,":[13],"an":[14],"8500-ha":[15],"tract":[16],"old-growth":[18],"northern":[19],"hardwood":[20],"\u2013":[21],"conifer":[22],"forests":[23],"upper":[25],"Michigan.":[26],"The":[27,91,99,126,146],"uplands":[28],"and":[29,46,62,76,89,119,122,136,138,143,156,167,218],"wetlands":[30],"were":[31,141],"subjectively":[32],"classified":[33],"into":[34],"25":[35],"ecosystems":[36,75,182],"by":[37,110,186],"a":[38,52,111,115,207],"combining":[40],"reconnaissance,":[41],"plot":[42],"sampling,":[43],"data":[44,215],"analysis,":[45],"mapping.":[48],"Each":[49],"characteristic":[53],"combination":[54,116],"physiography,":[56],"species":[58,124,133],"groups":[59,134],"(ground":[60],"vegetation),":[61],"soil.":[63],"Discriminant":[64],"analysis":[65,107,173,196],"used":[67,161],"to":[68,77],"evaluate":[69],"distinctness":[71],"upland":[74],"compare":[78],"discriminating":[80],"abilities":[81],"different":[83],"components":[85,178],"(physiography,":[86],"ground":[87],"vegetation,":[88],"soil).":[90],"corroborated":[94],"multivariate":[97],"analyses.":[98,194],"lowest":[100],"estimated":[101,127],"error":[102,128],"rate":[103],"(9.4%)":[104],"discriminant":[106,147,172],"obtained":[109],"model":[112],"based":[113,130],"on":[114,131],"physiographic":[118],"soil":[120,139,157,192,213],"characteristics":[121,188],"groups.":[125],"rates":[129],"alone":[135,140,153,158],"physiography":[137,155],"42.2":[142],"25.0%,":[144],"respectively.":[145],"analyses":[148],"indicate":[149],"that":[150,180],"neither":[151],"vegetation":[152,204],"nor":[154],"could":[159,183],"be":[160,184],"with":[162],"high":[163],"reliability":[164],"classifying":[166],"mapping":[168,219],"ecosystems.":[169],"additional":[171],"three":[176],"indicated":[179],"distinguished":[185],"field":[187],"without":[189],"information":[190],"from":[191],"laboratory":[193,214],"This":[195],"also":[197],"demonstrated":[198],"particular":[200],"value":[201],"component":[205],"as":[206],"readily":[208],"observed,":[209],"acceptable":[210],"substitute":[211],"for":[212],"identifying":[217],"units.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}