{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033351561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","title":"Waveguide fabrication using organic nonlinear optical materials","display_name":"Waveguide fabrication using organic nonlinear optical materials","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033351561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","mag":"2033351561"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180242","display_name":"Journal of Optics A Pure and Applied Optics","issn_l":"1464-4258","issn":["1464-4258","1741-3567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110044050","display_name":"Toshikuni Kaino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Toshikuni Kaino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Chemical Reaction Science, Laboratory of Optical Materials Chemistry, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Chemical Reaction Science, Laboratory of Optical Materials Chemistry, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110044050"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6722,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65892882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"R1","last_page":"R7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.6205999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11050","display_name":"Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics","score":0.6205999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11025","display_name":"Nonlinear Optical Materials Research","score":0.3400999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-waveguides","display_name":"polymer waveguides","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optical-polymers","display_name":"nonlinear optical polymers","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quasi-phase-matching","display_name":"quasi-phase matching","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-conversion","display_name":"frequency conversion","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-order-nonlinear-optics","display_name":"third-order nonlinear optics","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/all-optical-switch","display_name":"all-optical switch","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide-gratings","display_name":"waveguide gratings","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-selective-filter","display_name":"wavelength filter","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-signal-processing","display_name":"optical signal processing","score":0.8270000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7748766541481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.7707068920135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7360868453979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6191522479057312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527816","display_name":"Grating","level":2,"score":0.5947422981262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.5570682287216187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4669443368911743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.45819956064224243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155310634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1852785","display_name":"Trench","level":3,"score":0.4374050199985504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45613198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134091","display_name":"Optical filter","level":2,"score":0.4356878995895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.13032680749893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.07906952500343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07350677251815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180242","display_name":"Journal of Optics A Pure and Applied Optics","issn_l":"1464-4258","issn":["1464-4258","1741-3567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1464-4258/2/4/201/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180242","display_name":"Journal of Optics A Pure and Applied Optics","issn_l":"1464-4258","issn":["1464-4258","1741-3567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2033351561.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2033351561.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966554467","https://openalex.org/W1967055413","https://openalex.org/W1979445429","https://openalex.org/W2000660270","https://openalex.org/W2001946290","https://openalex.org/W2002925821","https://openalex.org/W2009072552","https://openalex.org/W2010700836","https://openalex.org/W2012780915","https://openalex.org/W2013044834","https://openalex.org/W2014450168","https://openalex.org/W2018732704","https://openalex.org/W2025639246","https://openalex.org/W2031792332","https://openalex.org/W2032397846","https://openalex.org/W2037886456","https://openalex.org/W2053673440","https://openalex.org/W2071750360","https://openalex.org/W2088686566","https://openalex.org/W2092509399","https://openalex.org/W2094988947","https://openalex.org/W2098241358","https://openalex.org/W2099979225","https://openalex.org/W2129181826","https://openalex.org/W2157838418","https://openalex.org/W2178302734","https://openalex.org/W2333891238","https://openalex.org/W2334327826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2616303526","https://openalex.org/W2032370824","https://openalex.org/W2074320725","https://openalex.org/W1984580277","https://openalex.org/W2053701664","https://openalex.org/W1956010491","https://openalex.org/W2041526528","https://openalex.org/W2504493296","https://openalex.org/W1984983469","https://openalex.org/W2069080566"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"many":[1],"types":[2],"of":[3,30],"nonlinear":[4],"optical":[5,47],"(NLO)":[6],"polymers":[7,15],"developed,":[8],"this":[9,64],"paper":[10,65],"has":[11],"focused":[12],"on":[13],"azo-dye-functionalized":[14],"and":[16,49],"discussed":[17],"their":[18],"channel":[19],"waveguide":[20,33,37,44,51,60],"fabrication":[21],"for":[22,38,45,53,71],"photonic":[23,73],"applications.":[24],"After":[25],"examining":[26],"the":[27,31],"critical":[28],"issues":[29],"polymer":[32,43],"fabrication,":[34],"serially-grafted":[35,59],"quasi-phase-matching":[36],"frequency":[39],"conversion,":[40],"3rd-order":[41],"NLO":[42],"all":[46],"switch":[48],"trench-filled":[50],"grating":[52],"wavelength":[54],"filter":[55],"were":[56],"discussed.":[57],"The":[58],"structure":[61],"described":[62],"in":[63],"will":[66],"be":[67],"a":[68],"key":[69],"area":[70],"future":[72],"signal":[74],"processing":[75],"systems.":[76]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T01:25:22.217667","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
