{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033332332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3739030","title":"Saints, Sinners, Saviors: Strong Black Women in African American Literature","display_name":"Saints, Sinners, Saviors: Strong Black Women in African American Literature","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033332332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3739030","mag":"2033332332"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3739030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3739030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3739030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93676754","display_name":"The Modern Language Review","issn_l":"0026-7937","issn":["0026-7937","2222-4319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321404","host_organization_name":"Modern Humanities Research Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321404"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Humanities Research Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027217282","display_name":"Astrid M. Fellner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-2923","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1566-2923"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Astrid Fellner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005414931","display_name":"Trudier Harris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trudier Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":35.1504,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99466126,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"99","issue":"3","first_page":"770","last_page":"770"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14494","display_name":"American Literature and Culture","score":0.4629000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14494","display_name":"American Literature and Culture","score":0.4629000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13174","display_name":"American and British Literature Analysis","score":0.17579999566078186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12470","display_name":"Caribbean and African Literature and Culture","score":0.11819999665021896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-literature","display_name":"African American literature","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-female-body","display_name":"Black female body","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ishmael-reed","display_name":"Ishmael Reed","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beloved","display_name":"Beloved","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alice-walker","display_name":"Alice Walker","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/octavia-e-butler","display_name":"Octavia Butler","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parable-of-the-sower","display_name":"parable of the sower","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dorothy-west","display_name":"Dorothy West","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-lesson-before-dying","display_name":"A Lesson Before Dying","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ernest-j-gaines","display_name":"Ernest J. Gaines","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bambara","display_name":"Bambara","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slavery","display_name":"slavery","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-strength","display_name":"women's strength","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race-and-gender","display_name":"race and gender","score":0.3569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28401147","display_name":"Black women","level":2,"score":0.4968893826007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.42589226365089417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.402451753616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.39075392484664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.29642945528030396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.21685075759887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.10544848442077637}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/3739030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3739030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3739030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93676754","display_name":"The Modern Language Review","issn_l":"0026-7937","issn":["0026-7937","2222-4319"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321404","host_organization_name":"Modern Humanities Research Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321404"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Humanities Research Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Modern Language Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009686536","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://digitale-objekte.hbz-nrw.de/storage2/2015/11/01/file_10/6494292.pdf","pdf_url":"http://digitale-objekte.hbz-nrw.de/storage2/2015/11/01/file_10/6494292.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-009855939","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy02/2001036009.html","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7307999730110168,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2475566345","https://openalex.org/W2503089706","https://openalex.org/W2032256978","https://openalex.org/W3186162617","https://openalex.org/W2178659695","https://openalex.org/W3156854243","https://openalex.org/W6945615711","https://openalex.org/W3119417167","https://openalex.org/W2010478223","https://openalex.org/W30282004"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Preface":[0],"Introduction:":[1],"The":[2,20,53,93],"Black":[3,22],"Female":[4],"Body:":[5],"Seeing,":[6],"Believing,":[7],"and":[8,11,28,39,43],"Perpetuating":[9],"Popular":[10],"Literary":[12],"Images":[13],"A":[14,106],"Raisin":[15],"in":[16,57],"the":[17,29,44,60,125],"Sun":[18],":":[19],"Strong":[21],"Women":[23],"as":[24,84],"Acceptable":[25],"Tyrant":[26],"Strength":[27,42,56,83],"Battle":[30,45],"Ground":[31,46],"of":[32,47,55,95,124],"Slavery":[33,48],"I:":[34],"Even":[35],"Parody:":[36],"Ishmael":[37],"Reed":[38],"Mammy":[40],"Barracuda":[41],"II:":[49],"Survival":[50],"Beyond":[51],"Survival:":[52],"Price":[54],"Beloved":[58],"Commanding":[59],"Universe:":[61],"I.":[62,97],"More":[63],"Than":[64],"Witch:":[65],"Bambara's":[66],"Minnie":[67],"Ransom":[68],"II.":[69,110],"Tough":[70,74],"Enough":[71,75],"to":[72,76],"Kill,":[73],"Transcend":[77],"Death:":[78],"J.":[79,104],"California":[80],"Cooper's":[81],"Clora":[82],"Disease":[85],"Bordering":[86],"on":[87],"Evil:":[88],"Dorothy":[89],"West's":[90],"Cleo":[91],"Judson":[92],"Stubbornness":[94],"Tradition:":[96],"Do":[98],"What":[99],"Big":[100],"Mama":[101],"Sez:":[102],"Ernest":[103],"Gaines's":[105],"Lesson":[107],"Before":[108],"Dying":[109],"New":[111],"Territory,":[112],"No":[113],"Change:":[114],"Pear":[115],"Cleage's":[116],"Flyin'":[117],"West":[118],"Balance?":[119],"Octavia":[120],"E.":[121],"Butler's":[122],"Parable":[123],"Sower":[126],"Conclusion":[127],"Can":[128],"this":[129],"Mold":[130],"be":[131],"Broken?":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
