{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2033159113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","title":"BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE, \u03b23-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS, AND OBESITY","display_name":"BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE, \u03b23-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS, AND OBESITY","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2033159113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","mag":"2033159113","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9046964"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16909082","display_name":"Annual Review of Medicine","issn_l":"0066-4219","issn":["0066-4219","1545-326X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024782501","display_name":"Bradford B. Lowell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0436-3760","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0436-3760"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. B. Lowell, MD, PhD","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215;, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215;, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017534508","display_name":"Jeffrey S. Flier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-3640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-3640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. S. Flier, MD","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215;, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215;, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7761,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":239,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86082474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"1","first_page":"307","last_page":"316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11457","display_name":"Adipose Tissue and Metabolism","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11457","display_name":"Adipose Tissue and Metabolism","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10528","display_name":"Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10489","display_name":"Regulation of Appetite and Obesity","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2807","display_name":"Endocrine and Autonomic Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brown-adipose-tissue","display_name":"brown adipose tissue","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta3-adrenergic-receptor","display_name":"beta3-adrenergic receptor","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-expenditure","display_name":"energy expenditure","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathetic-nervous-system","display_name":"sympathetic nervous system","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brown-adipocytes","display_name":"brown adipocytes","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-obesity-drugs","display_name":"anti-obesity drugs","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutritional-homeostasis","display_name":"nutritional homeostasis","score":0.9160000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780642333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901269","display_name":"Brown adipose tissue","level":3,"score":0.9485609531402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171089720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193583","display_name":"Adipose tissue","level":2,"score":0.7987716197967529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.7902089357376099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7594490051269531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2491326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377024","display_name":"Energy homeostasis","level":3,"score":0.6050339937210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.6009343862533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158453852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4684738","display_name":"Adrenergic","level":3,"score":0.572117030620575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.5609285235404968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40465926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410568","display_name":"Adrenergic receptor","level":3,"score":0.47429540753364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151955695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654528","display_name":"White adipose tissue","level":3,"score":0.46864053606987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4592426121234894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63645605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103191","display_name":"Homeostasis","level":2,"score":0.44267767667770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151279926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965695","display_name":"Thermogenesis","level":3,"score":0.4279571771621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2678728997707367}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002001","descriptor_name":"Adipose Tissue, Brown","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008820","descriptor_name":"Mice, Obese","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008822","descriptor_name":"Mice, Transgenic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009765","descriptor_name":"Obesity","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011943","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Adrenergic, beta","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D022702","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S16909082","display_name":"Annual Review of Medicine","issn_l":"0066-4219","issn":["0066-4219","1545-326X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9046964","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9046964","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual review of medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1218178434","display_name":"BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE--A TRANSGENIC ANALYSIS OF FUNCTION","funder_award_id":"K08DK002119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2348279351","display_name":"BROWN FAT AND THE CENTRAL CONTROL OF ENERGY BALANCE","funder_award_id":"R01DK046930","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4479554401","display_name":"Beta-ARs and Diet-Induced Thermogenesis","funder_award_id":"R01DK049569","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109691321","https://openalex.org/W1490735880","https://openalex.org/W1494515526","https://openalex.org/W1501975414","https://openalex.org/W1513078811","https://openalex.org/W1520083061","https://openalex.org/W1550000221","https://openalex.org/W1580274065","https://openalex.org/W1583629732","https://openalex.org/W1590187392","https://openalex.org/W1597265569","https://openalex.org/W1672199487","https://openalex.org/W1810087390","https://openalex.org/W1900866157","https://openalex.org/W1938851551","https://openalex.org/W1967359474","https://openalex.org/W1967682662","https://openalex.org/W1969890353","https://openalex.org/W1970934755","https://openalex.org/W1972836378","https://openalex.org/W1976251498","https://openalex.org/W1981709452","https://openalex.org/W1992146642","https://openalex.org/W1996713062","https://openalex.org/W2003651180","https://openalex.org/W2008261372","https://openalex.org/W2013583119","https://openalex.org/W2014093920","https://openalex.org/W2015536606","https://openalex.org/W2016994959","https://openalex.org/W2017737951","https://openalex.org/W2019100110","https://openalex.org/W2021760176","https://openalex.org/W2025846514","https://openalex.org/W2028671417","https://openalex.org/W2040191772","https://openalex.org/W2041504277","https://openalex.org/W2042405611","https://openalex.org/W2048078221","https://openalex.org/W2051192888","https://openalex.org/W2051559850","https://openalex.org/W2055124061","https://openalex.org/W2056354107","https://openalex.org/W2060682066","https://openalex.org/W2072919666","https://openalex.org/W2084384561","https://openalex.org/W2087133453","https://openalex.org/W2088076536","https://openalex.org/W2089495913","https://openalex.org/W2092730026","https://openalex.org/W2093155758","https://openalex.org/W2093667482","https://openalex.org/W2111416642","https://openalex.org/W2114675403","https://openalex.org/W2117821842","https://openalex.org/W2152075632","https://openalex.org/W2159167752","https://openalex.org/W2160811167","https://openalex.org/W2168299913","https://openalex.org/W2178450980","https://openalex.org/W2315078561","https://openalex.org/W2322463216","https://openalex.org/W2336925169","https://openalex.org/W2415639920","https://openalex.org/W3157521036","https://openalex.org/W4416702841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089617149","https://openalex.org/W4398175530","https://openalex.org/W2010323611","https://openalex.org/W2005760216","https://openalex.org/W2015912619","https://openalex.org/W3034753790","https://openalex.org/W580945150","https://openalex.org/W2021705867","https://openalex.org/W1986582276","https://openalex.org/W1991989806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brown":[0],"adipose":[1,45],"tissue":[2,46],"is":[3,14,29,47,80,117],"distinguished":[4],"by":[5,17],"its":[6],"unique":[7],"capacity":[8],"for":[9],"uncoupled":[10],"mitochondrial":[11],"respiration,":[12],"which":[13],"highly":[15],"regulated":[16],"sympathetic":[18],"nerve":[19],"activity.":[20],"Because":[21],"of":[22,31,36,43,65,75],"this,":[23],"energy":[24,99],"expenditure":[25,100],"in":[26,49,68,78,104,115],"brown":[27,44,58,66,76,89],"fat":[28,59,67,77],"capable":[30],"ranging":[32],"over":[33],"many":[34],"orders":[35],"magnitude.":[37],"The":[38],"fact":[39],"that":[40,53],"the":[41,63,73],"function":[42],"impaired":[48],"obese":[50],"rodents":[51],"and":[52,91,101],"transgenic":[54],"mice":[55],"with":[56,93],"decreased":[57],"develop":[60],"obesity":[61,103],"demonstrates":[62],"importance":[64],"maintaining":[69],"nutritional":[70],"homeostasis.":[71],"However,":[72],"role":[74],"humans":[79,116],"less":[81],"clear.":[82],"beta":[83,94,107],"3-Adrenergic":[84],"receptors":[85],"are":[86],"found":[87],"on":[88],"adipocytes,":[90],"treatment":[92],"3-selective":[95,108],"agonists":[96,109],"markedly":[97],"increases":[98],"decreases":[102],"rodents.":[105],"Whether":[106],"will":[110],"be":[111],"effective":[112],"anti-obesity":[113],"agents":[114],"presently":[118],"under":[119],"investigation.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
