{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2031521997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","title":"Nonparametric Sequential Tests Against Ordered Alternatives in Multiple- Armed Clinical Trials","display_name":"Nonparametric Sequential Tests Against Ordered Alternatives in Multiple- Armed Clinical Trials","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2031521997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","mag":"2031521997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172180718","display_name":"Biometrika","issn_l":"0006-3444","issn":["0006-3444","1464-3510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biometrika","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061416108","display_name":"Danyu Y. Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-3115","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-3115"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Y. LIN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, SC-32, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A","Department of Biostatistics, SC-32, University of WashingtonSeattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, SC-32, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, SC-32, University of WashingtonSeattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018916945","display_name":"P. Y. Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8595-923X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8595-923X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089486","display_name":"Fred Hutch Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/007ps6h72","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Y. LIU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1124 Columbia Street, Seattle, Washington 98104, U.S.A","Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center1124 Columbia Street, Seattle, Washington 98104, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1124 Columbia Street, Seattle, Washington 98104, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center1124 Columbia Street, Seattle, Washington 98104, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2724,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3592},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20460916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"2","first_page":"420","last_page":"420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13500","display_name":"Probability and Statistical Research","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordered-alternatives","display_name":"ordered alternatives","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-asymptotic-distribution","display_name":"joint asymptotic distribution","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staggered-entry","display_name":"staggered entry","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colon-cancer","display_name":"colon cancer","score":0.7639999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140556311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214746","display_name":"Biostatistics","level":3,"score":0.8112146258354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102366305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097688","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.7526668310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5497600436210632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.5136148929595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.4409988820552826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3493478298187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2712256908416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16485679149627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.11675259470939636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/79.2.420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172180718","display_name":"Biometrika","issn_l":"0006-3444","issn":["0006-3444","1464-3510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biometrika","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/2336856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2336856","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2336856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172180718","display_name":"Biometrika","issn_l":"0006-3444","issn":["0006-3444","1464-3510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biometrika","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56030904","https://openalex.org/W1480884888","https://openalex.org/W1568980805","https://openalex.org/W1979888943","https://openalex.org/W1986705681","https://openalex.org/W1990639292","https://openalex.org/W2009226722","https://openalex.org/W2015807534","https://openalex.org/W2015879666","https://openalex.org/W2051225081","https://openalex.org/W2059707463","https://openalex.org/W2089081390","https://openalex.org/W2125343312","https://openalex.org/W2127151679","https://openalex.org/W2313857605","https://openalex.org/W2322216784","https://openalex.org/W2802739963","https://openalex.org/W4239063632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977389139","https://openalex.org/W4380903871","https://openalex.org/W1563497214","https://openalex.org/W2078010321","https://openalex.org/W2120608270","https://openalex.org/W1843324721","https://openalex.org/W3141138882","https://openalex.org/W2126977167","https://openalex.org/W2170349014","https://openalex.org/W2112690682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,69],"a":[1,51],"multiple-armed":[2],"clinical":[3],"trial":[4],"where":[5,15],"one":[6],"agent":[7],"is":[8,19,30,104],"administered":[9],"at":[10,84],"several":[11],"dose":[12],"levels":[13],"or":[14],"each":[16],"treatment":[17],"regimen":[18],"formed":[20],"by":[21,57],"adding":[22],"more":[23],"agents":[24],"to":[25,32,39,90],"the":[26,62,70,75],"preceding":[27],"combination,":[28],"it":[29],"desirable":[31],"use":[33],"test":[34,55,81],"statistics":[35,56,82],"that":[36],"are":[37,98],"sensitive":[38],"alternatives":[40],"of":[41,53,61,79],"stochastically":[42],"ordered":[43],"distributions.":[44],"Liu":[45],"et":[46],"al":[47],"(1992)":[48],"recently":[49],"developed":[50],"class":[52],"such":[54],"taking":[58],"linear":[59],"combinations":[60],"familiar":[63],"two-sample":[64],"weighted":[65],"log":[66],"rank":[67],"statistics.":[68],"present":[71],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"derive":[74],"asymptotic":[76],"joint":[77],"distributions":[78],"their":[80],"calculated":[83],"different":[85],"points":[86],"in":[87],"time.":[88],"Applications":[89],"sequential":[91],"survival":[92],"studies":[93],"with":[94],"staggered":[95],"patient":[96],"entry":[97],"emphasized.":[99],"A":[100],"colon":[101],"cancer":[102],"example":[103],"provided.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}