{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2031490124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","title":"Hard\u2010to\u2010Cook Defect in Cowpeas: Storage\u2010Induced and Treatment\u2010Induced Development","display_name":"Hard\u2010to\u2010Cook Defect in Cowpeas: Storage\u2010Induced and Treatment\u2010Induced Development","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2031490124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","mag":"2031490124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23579880","display_name":"Journal of Food Science","issn_l":"0022-1147","issn":["0022-1147","1750-3841"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Food Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018829679","display_name":"Keshun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-6224","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-6224"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KESHUN LIU","raw_affiliation_strings":["The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083144690","display_name":"Robert Dixon Phillips","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. DIXON PHILLIPS","raw_affiliation_strings":["The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021654650","display_name":"Yen\u2010Con Hung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-7363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-7363"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"YEN\u2010CON HUNG","raw_affiliation_strings":["The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086248064","display_name":"Robert L. Shewfelt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ROBERT L. SHEWFELT","raw_affiliation_strings":["The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109981212","display_name":"Kay H. McWatters","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KAY H. McWATTERS","raw_affiliation_strings":["The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The authors are affiliated with the Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Univ. of Georgia, Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"],"apc_list":{"value":4550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9892,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74944317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"5","first_page":"1155","last_page":"1160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":0.6190999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11098","display_name":"Seed Germination and Physiology","score":0.6190999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10473","display_name":"Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management","score":0.17270000278949738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12115","display_name":"Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies","score":0.03959999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpea-seeds","display_name":"cowpea seeds","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-storage","display_name":"seed storage","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-aging","display_name":"seed deterioration","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-soaking","display_name":"seed soaking","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-chloride","display_name":"calcium chloride","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-hardness","display_name":"seed hardness","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cation-sorption","display_name":"cation uptake","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divalent-cations","display_name":"divalent cations","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trivalent-cations","display_name":"trivalent cations","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edta","display_name":"EDTA","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egta","display_name":"EGTA","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotyledons","display_name":"cotyledons","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-quality","display_name":"seed quality","score":0.30399999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74884574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Divalent","level":2,"score":0.8727415800094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25642318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992532","display_name":"Incubation","level":2,"score":0.8332828283309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.727767825126648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408437","display_name":"EGTA","level":3,"score":0.6922853589057922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44255700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978423","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","level":3,"score":0.6913608312606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519063684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706","display_name":"Calcium","level":2,"score":0.4908481240272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.4049166440963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.35151344537734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2086237072944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11287.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23579880","display_name":"Journal of Food Science","issn_l":"0022-1147","issn":["0022-1147","1750-3841"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Food Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973490727","https://openalex.org/W1985199399","https://openalex.org/W2005743192","https://openalex.org/W2014059819","https://openalex.org/W2031204274","https://openalex.org/W2052630728","https://openalex.org/W2067990399","https://openalex.org/W2073075977","https://openalex.org/W2075306484","https://openalex.org/W2086011209","https://openalex.org/W2110458713","https://openalex.org/W2128445069","https://openalex.org/W2142109990","https://openalex.org/W2144496457","https://openalex.org/W2162720246","https://openalex.org/W2215492736","https://openalex.org/W2342147582","https://openalex.org/W2505678003","https://openalex.org/W4321794881"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973827859","https://openalex.org/W7011605179","https://openalex.org/W1204111647","https://openalex.org/W2038430837","https://openalex.org/W2067990399","https://openalex.org/W3020602683","https://openalex.org/W2081260313","https://openalex.org/W1992794467","https://openalex.org/W2054786633","https://openalex.org/W7010523041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Cowpea":[1],"seeds":[2],"with":[3],"a":[4,57],"range":[5],"of":[6,35,90],"hard\u2010to\u2010cook":[7],"(HTC)":[8],"levels":[9],"induced":[10,69,109],"by":[11,41,110,117],"storage":[12],"at":[13,43],"various":[14],"temperatures/relative":[15],"humidities/times":[16],"were":[17],"subjected":[18],"to":[19],"heat":[20,112],"incubation":[21,42,63],"in":[22,26,60,95,104],"water":[23],"and/or":[24],"soaking":[25,37,54,81],"CaCl":[27],"2.":[28],"For":[29,50],"control":[30],"seeds,":[31,52],"the":[32],"hardening":[33],"effect":[34],"Ca":[36,53],"was":[38],"greatly":[39],"increased":[40],"60\u201085\u00b0C":[44],"before":[45],"soaking,":[46],"but":[47],"not":[48],"after.":[49],"aged":[51,91],"alone":[55],"evoked":[56],"great":[58],"increase":[59,103],"hardness":[61],"whereas":[62],"slightly":[64],"enhanced":[65],"hardening.":[66],"Trivalent":[67],"cations":[68],"HTC":[70,88,93],"less":[71],"effectively":[72],"than":[73],"divalent":[74,118],"cations;":[75],"univalent":[76],"ions":[77],"suppressed":[78],"HTC.":[79],"EDTA":[80],"completely":[82],"reversed":[83,87],"while":[84],"EGTA":[85],"partially":[86],"state":[89,94],"seeds.":[92],"cowpeas":[96],"apparently":[97],"develops":[98],"via":[99],"two":[100],"stages:":[101],"an":[102],"cation\u2010uptake":[105],"capacity":[106],"within":[107],"cotyledons":[108],"moderate":[111],"or":[113],"adverse":[114],"storage,":[115],"followed":[116],"cation":[119],"binding.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
