{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029318399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/8.2.213","title":"Dual Exchange Rates in Europe and Latin America","display_name":"Dual Exchange Rates in Europe and Latin America","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029318399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/8.2.213","mag":"2029318399"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/wber/8.2.213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/8.2.213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/8.2.213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735890421","display_name":"The World Bank Economic Review","issn_l":"0258-6770","issn":["0258-6770","1564-698X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Bank Economic Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006176593","display_name":"Nancy Peregrim Marion","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nancy P. Marion","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nancy P. Marion is with the Department of Economics at Dartmouth College. This article is an outgrowth of the World Bank's project on Macroeconomic Aspects of Multiple and Black Exchange Markets. The author thanks project organizers Miguel Kiguel, Saul Lizondo, and Steve O'Connell; Robert Flood for helpful discussions; Joshua Aizenman, Pablo Guidotti, Mike Knetter, Carsten Kowalczyk, Andrew Oswald, and Alex Zanello for comments on an earlier draft; and John Dean, Murtaza Moochhala, and Rodolfo Luzio-Antezana for research assistance","John Dean, Murtaza Moochhala, and Rodolfo Luzio-Antezana for research assistance","Joshua Aizenman, Pablo Guidotti, Mike Knetter, Carsten Kowalczyk, Andrew Oswald, and Alex Zanello for comments on an earlier draft","Nancy P. Marion is with the Department of Economics at Dartmouth College. This article is an outgrowth of the World Bank's project on Macroeconomic Aspects of Multiple and Black Exchange Markets. The author thanks project organizers Miguel Kiguel, Saul Lizondo, and Steve O'Connell","Robert Flood for helpful discussions"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nancy P. Marion is with the Department of Economics at Dartmouth College. This article is an outgrowth of the World Bank's project on Macroeconomic Aspects of Multiple and Black Exchange Markets. The author thanks project organizers Miguel Kiguel, Saul Lizondo, and Steve O'Connell; Robert Flood for helpful discussions; Joshua Aizenman, Pablo Guidotti, Mike Knetter, Carsten Kowalczyk, Andrew Oswald, and Alex Zanello for comments on an earlier draft; and John Dean, Murtaza Moochhala, and Rodolfo Luzio-Antezana for research assistance","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"John Dean, Murtaza Moochhala, and Rodolfo Luzio-Antezana for research assistance","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joshua Aizenman, Pablo Guidotti, Mike Knetter, Carsten Kowalczyk, Andrew Oswald, and Alex Zanello for comments on an earlier draft","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nancy P. Marion is with the Department of Economics at Dartmouth College. This article is an outgrowth of the World Bank's project on Macroeconomic Aspects of Multiple and Black Exchange Markets. The author thanks project organizers Miguel Kiguel, Saul Lizondo, and Steve O'Connell","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robert Flood for helpful discussions","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006176593"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"],"apc_list":{"value":3986,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3986},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90507886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"213","last_page":"245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10503","display_name":"Global Financial Crisis and Policies","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.05000000074505806,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-exchange-rates","display_name":"dual exchange rates","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/official-exchange-rate","display_name":"official exchange rate","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rate-regimes","display_name":"exchange rate regimes","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rate-misalignment","display_name":"exchange rate misalignment","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-interest-rates","display_name":"foreign interest rates","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-effective-exchange-rate","display_name":"real effective exchange rate","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budget-deficit","display_name":"budget deficit","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-economy","display_name":"European economy","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latin-america","display_name":"Latin America","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1970s-1980s","display_name":"1970s-1980s","score":0.9599999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158886217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16799549","display_name":"Latin Americans","level":2,"score":0.7831992506980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.7257359623908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6188371181488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5860394239425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775922551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135033","display_name":"Parallels","level":2,"score":0.5002305507659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.4660075306892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776071005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337203","display_name":"Exchange-rate regime","level":3,"score":0.4600543677806854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82843974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205231","display_name":"Interest rate parity","level":3,"score":0.444638729095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.31532859802246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.25366634130477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/wber/8.2.213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/8.2.213","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/8.2.213","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735890421","display_name":"The World Bank Economic Review","issn_l":"0258-6770","issn":["0258-6770","1564-698X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Bank Economic Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W565996882","https://openalex.org/W1574738834","https://openalex.org/W1969998730","https://openalex.org/W1982473078","https://openalex.org/W1986130090","https://openalex.org/W1992229174","https://openalex.org/W2026268841","https://openalex.org/W2030503668","https://openalex.org/W2032280082","https://openalex.org/W2084127515","https://openalex.org/W2092274427","https://openalex.org/W2137749267","https://openalex.org/W3121515329","https://openalex.org/W3125830501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522664688","https://openalex.org/W2478308216","https://openalex.org/W4248178750","https://openalex.org/W2613447033","https://openalex.org/W2183542810","https://openalex.org/W3168021229","https://openalex.org/W7095222748","https://openalex.org/W3084094770","https://openalex.org/W1988512965","https://openalex.org/W4232334881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"uncovers":[2],"some":[3],"important":[4],"empirical":[5],"regularities":[6],"surrounding":[7],"the":[8,21,30,44,49,57,60,75,94],"operation":[9],"of":[10,43,48,59,97],"formal":[11],"dual":[12,86],"exchange":[13,55,68,80,87],"rates":[14],"in":[15,20,41,104],"Europe":[16],"and":[17,23,32,46,70,74,100],"Latin":[18,33],"America":[19],"1970s":[22],"1980s.":[24],"Although":[25],"there":[26,36],"are":[27,37],"parallels":[28],"between":[29],"European":[31],"American":[34],"experiences,":[35],"also":[38],"interesting":[39],"differences":[40],"terms":[42],"size":[45],"nature":[47,96],"distortion":[50,61],"created":[51],"by":[52,93,101],"two":[53],"official":[54],"rates;":[56],"response":[58],"to":[62],"foreign":[63],"interest":[64],"rates,":[65,69],"real":[66],"commercial":[67],"domestic":[71],"budget":[72],"deficits;":[73],"motives":[76],"for":[77],"adopting":[78],"this":[79],"rate":[81,88],"regime.":[82],"Empirical":[83],"work":[84],"on":[85],"regimes":[89,99],"is":[90],"made":[91],"difficult":[92],"transitory":[95],"these":[98],"frequent":[102],"changes":[103],"institutional":[105],"practices.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-18T09:31:52.927876","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}