{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029239202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597090","title":"One\u2010dimensional scatter\u2010subtraction method for brachytherapy dose calculation near bounded heterogeneities","display_name":"One\u2010dimensional scatter\u2010subtraction method for brachytherapy dose calculation near bounded heterogeneities","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029239202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597090","mag":"2029239202","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8455505"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1118/1.597090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95522064","display_name":"Medical Physics","issn_l":"0094-2405","issn":["0094-2405","1522-8541","2473-4209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032752677","display_name":"Jeffrey F. Williamson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-2436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8559-2436"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey F. Williamson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036593780","display_name":"Zuofeng Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuofeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104070070","display_name":"John W. Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John W. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":{"value":3360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73403777,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"233","last_page":"244"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10844","display_name":"Radiation Dose and Imaging","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scatter-to-primary-ratio","display_name":"scatter-to-primary ratio","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-heterogeneity","display_name":"tissue heterogeneity","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-perturbation","display_name":"dose perturbation","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iodine-125","display_name":"iodine-125","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iridium-192","display_name":"iridium-192","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-energy-dependence","display_name":"photon energy dependence","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-efficiency","display_name":"computational efficiency","score":0.41200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.7972995042800903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34445779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571347","display_name":"Collimated light","level":3,"score":0.6964583396911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103783831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2552709","display_name":"Point source","level":2,"score":0.5604455471038818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.5130230784416199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4944031238555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.4868244528770447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4852488040924072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777416452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896687","display_name":"Brachytherapy","level":3,"score":0.479857861995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.4414235055446625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4318169951438904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184050105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273163","display_name":"Isotropy","level":2,"score":0.41940781474113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2425115704536438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.14212441444396973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09537535905838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001699","descriptor_name":"Biometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001703","descriptor_name":"Biophysics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001918","descriptor_name":"Brachytherapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009010","descriptor_name":"Monte Carlo Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011879","descriptor_name":"Radiotherapy Dosage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011880","descriptor_name":"Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012542","descriptor_name":"Scattering, Radiation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055592","descriptor_name":"Biophysical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1118/1.597090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95522064","display_name":"Medical Physics","issn_l":"0094-2405","issn":["0094-2405","1522-8541","2473-4209"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8455505","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8455505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8243111163","display_name":"HETEROGENEITY CORRECTIONS IN BRACHYTHERAPY DOSIMETRY","funder_award_id":"R01CA046640","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085497041","https://openalex.org/W2037859480","https://openalex.org/W2034876671","https://openalex.org/W2490867304","https://openalex.org/W2028398453","https://openalex.org/W1965062076","https://openalex.org/W2261277073","https://openalex.org/W1985008431","https://openalex.org/W1986650880","https://openalex.org/W2167551796"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neglect":[0],"of":[1,16,37,65,132,165,175,222,238,247,258,264],"tissue":[2],"and":[3,19,35,68,115,168,214,231,235,262],"applicator":[4],"heterogeneities":[5,225],"in":[6,12,189],"brachytherapy":[7],"treatment":[8],"planning":[9],"is":[10,56,69,81,150,184,267],"due":[11],"part":[13],"to":[14,58,61,90,172,209,241,252],"lack":[15],"accurate,":[17],"general,":[18],"fast":[20],"three-dimensional":[21],"(3D)":[22],"dose-computation":[23],"algorithms.":[24],"A":[25,102],"novel":[26],"dose-calculation":[27],"algorithm":[28,55,198],"that":[29,105,119,159],"accounts":[30,160],"for":[31,137,146,161,192,211],"the":[32,38,54,85,96,107,113,116,126,163,166,173,182,187,195,220,242,249],"lateral":[33],"dimensions":[34],"location":[36,170],"heterogeneity":[39,88,108,149,167],"as":[40,42,186],"well":[41],"its":[43,110,169],"thickness":[44,164],"has":[45],"been":[46],"developed.":[47],"For":[48],"simple":[49,154],"2D,":[50],"water-equivalent":[51,223],"density":[52],"heterogeneities,":[53,255],"shown":[57],"be":[59],"applicable":[60],"a":[62,147,153],"wide":[63],"range":[64],"photon":[66],"energies":[67],"500-1000":[70],"times":[71],"more":[72],"efficient":[73],"than":[74],"Monte":[75,204],"Carlo":[76,205],"photon-transport":[77],"calculations.":[78],"The":[79,128,142,177,197,245],"model":[80,158],"based":[82],"upon":[83],"reducing":[84],"bounded":[86],"2D":[87],"problem":[89,145],"two":[91,100],"1D":[92,155],"problems":[93],"by":[94,123,152],"dividing":[95],"scattering":[97],"volume":[98],"into":[99],"regions:":[101],"cone-shaped":[103],"region":[104],"subtends":[106],"with":[109,202],"apex":[111],"at":[112],"source":[114],"complementary":[117],"cone":[118],"contributes":[120],"scatter":[121,156,178],"dose":[122],"diffusion":[124],"around":[125],"heterogeneity.":[127,196],"input":[129],"data":[130],"consist":[131],"precalculated":[133],"scatter-to-primary":[134],"ratios":[135],"(SPRs)":[136],"collimated":[138],"isotropic":[139],"point":[140,174,217],"sources.":[141],"central-axis":[143],"\"mini-beam\"":[144],"slab":[148],"solved":[151],"integration":[157],"both":[162],"relative":[171,240],"interest.":[176],"contribution":[179],"arising":[180],"outside":[181],"mini-beam":[183],"modeled":[185],"difference":[188],"SPRs":[190],"corrected":[191],"transmission":[193],"through":[194],"agrees,":[199],"on":[200],"average,":[201],"sample":[203],"calculations":[206],"within":[207],"1%":[208],"7%":[210],"125I,":[212],"192Ir,":[213],"100":[215],"keV":[216],"sources":[218],"along":[219],"axes":[221],"cylindrical":[224],"(rho":[226],"=":[227],"0-12.6":[228],"g/cm3,":[229],"3.6,":[230],"24":[232],"mm":[233],"diameters,":[234],"dose-perturbation":[236],"factors":[237],"0.44-1.33":[239],"homogeneous":[243],"case).":[244],"potential":[246],"generalizing":[248],"scatter-subtraction":[250],"approach":[251],"encompass":[253],"3D":[254],"those":[256,263],"consisting":[257],"high-atomic":[259],"number":[260],"media,":[261],"irregular":[265],"shape,":[266],"discussed.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
