{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028044530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","title":"Vitamin A deficiency and increased mortality among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in Uganda","display_name":"Vitamin A deficiency and increased mortality among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in Uganda","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028044530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","mag":"2028044530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123713480","display_name":"Nutrition Research","issn_l":"0271-5317","issn":["0271-5317","1879-0739"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nutrition Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032734584","display_name":"Peter Langi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092895","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/00hy3gq97","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Langi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health, Entebbe, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health, Entebbe, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029506023","display_name":"Richard D. Semba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-2908","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-2908"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard D. Semba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053017011","display_name":"Roy D. Mugerwa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy D. Mugerwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda","School of Medicine, Makerere University Kampala, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Makerere University Kampala, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005928579","display_name":"Christopher C. Whalen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-0665","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-0665","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1379-7392"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher C. Whalen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029506023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"],"apc_list":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1143344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"5","first_page":"595","last_page":"605"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.46219998598098755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.46219998598098755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10596","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","score":0.21979999542236328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.03629999980330467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-a-deficiency","display_name":"vitamin A deficiency","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infection","display_name":"HIV infection","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality","display_name":"mortality","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-associated-wasting","display_name":"HIV-associated wasting","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-vitamin-a-levels","display_name":"serum vitamin A","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-count","display_name":"CD4 count","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anemia","display_name":"anemia","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uganda","display_name":"Uganda","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-prevention","display_name":"tuberculosis prevention","score":0.47699999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7955809831619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779740938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4138762","display_name":"vitamin D deficiency","level":3,"score":0.5470181703567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5318958759307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776940978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956","display_name":"Vitamin","level":2,"score":0.5144484043121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.49560606479644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.44379839301109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.43889063596725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.43717339634895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778129702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2655893","display_name":"Vitamin A deficiency","level":4,"score":0.43372708559036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.4307910203933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.42354628443717957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4195248484611511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124490489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936963","display_name":"Vitamin D and neurology","level":2,"score":0.39782488346099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779573558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424976","display_name":"Retinol","level":3,"score":0.20885682106018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.07497817277908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(03)00006-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123713480","display_name":"Nutrition Research","issn_l":"0271-5317","issn":["0271-5317","1879-0739"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nutrition Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121875452","https://openalex.org/W201579954","https://openalex.org/W1960037944","https://openalex.org/W1983648560","https://openalex.org/W1988398351","https://openalex.org/W1989505028","https://openalex.org/W1993064155","https://openalex.org/W2000925970","https://openalex.org/W2002901217","https://openalex.org/W2006588236","https://openalex.org/W2023525736","https://openalex.org/W2035263655","https://openalex.org/W2039600854","https://openalex.org/W2069551821","https://openalex.org/W2091286276","https://openalex.org/W2095922293","https://openalex.org/W2100315807","https://openalex.org/W2103574469","https://openalex.org/W2116026026","https://openalex.org/W2121753052","https://openalex.org/W2135707935","https://openalex.org/W2139335718","https://openalex.org/W2148978503","https://openalex.org/W2150247837","https://openalex.org/W2184874126","https://openalex.org/W2311852706","https://openalex.org/W2326977402","https://openalex.org/W2331690970","https://openalex.org/W2334809297","https://openalex.org/W2399752141","https://openalex.org/W2435419357","https://openalex.org/W6604990930"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2625838919","https://openalex.org/W2083120593","https://openalex.org/W2954986383","https://openalex.org/W2099774748","https://openalex.org/W2041633931","https://openalex.org/W3008221163","https://openalex.org/W1819605542","https://openalex.org/W2109123827","https://openalex.org/W2513617289","https://openalex.org/W2469702130"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}