{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028009264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347798","title":"Oxy-fuel combustion emission monitoring using tunable diode laser sensors","display_name":"Oxy-fuel combustion emission monitoring using tunable diode laser sensors","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028009264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347798","mag":"2028009264"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.347798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070887583","display_name":"William A. Von Drasek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133947","display_name":"Air Liquide (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02ptcjs87","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133947","https://openalex.org/I4210143465"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William A. Von Drasek","raw_affiliation_strings":["American Air Liquide (United States)","American Air Liquide, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Air Liquide (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133947"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Air Liquide, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133947"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035867405","display_name":"David M. Sonnenfroh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. Sonnenfroh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","Physical Sciences Inc. (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050143544","display_name":"Philip B. Keating","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Keating","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","Physical Sciences Inc. (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mark G. Allen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113003","display_name":"Physical Sciences (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/021qvjc46","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark G. Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","Physical Sciences Inc. (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Sciences Inc. (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113003"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076847657","display_name":"Olivier Charon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133947","display_name":"Air Liquide (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02ptcjs87","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133947","https://openalex.org/I4210143465"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Charon","raw_affiliation_strings":["American Air Liquide (United States)","American Air Liquide, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Air Liquide (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133947"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"American Air Liquide, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133947"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23771791,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3740","issue":null,"first_page":"200","last_page":"203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxy-fuel-combustion","display_name":"oxy-fuel combustion","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunable-diode-laser-absorption-spectroscopy","display_name":"tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-concentration-measurement","display_name":"oxygen concentration measurement","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-situ-gas-sensing","display_name":"in-situ gas sensing","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/near-infrared-absorption-spectroscopy","display_name":"near-infrared absorption spectroscopy","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-laden-flow","display_name":"particle-laden flow","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-particles","display_name":"seed particles","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-temperature-measurement","display_name":"gas temperature measurement","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotational-lines","display_name":"rotational lines","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-time-sensor","display_name":"response time (sensor)","score":0.5839999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167206829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2556360","display_name":"Flue gas","level":2,"score":0.6921380162239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6423711180686951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6016383171081543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83104080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3809680","display_name":"Combustor","level":3,"score":0.5762727856636047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103324678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592333","display_name":"Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy","level":4,"score":0.5301780700683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5118181109428406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4827217757701874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97749803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753940","display_name":"Tunable laser","level":3,"score":0.47243934869766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4572112560272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.4536333978176117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.41805920004844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.334028959274292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3260442614555359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.32232534885406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3220939636230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.3210827708244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.23081660270690918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.19805434346199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10905098915100098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10504654049873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.10011076927185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.09315276145935059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.347798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.347798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056716831","https://openalex.org/W143374220","https://openalex.org/W2003803230","https://openalex.org/W2027352731","https://openalex.org/W636837712","https://openalex.org/W4239910781","https://openalex.org/W2181953045","https://openalex.org/W6940671998","https://openalex.org/W1981277958","https://openalex.org/W2061153362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"stricter":[1],"environmental":[2],"regulations,":[3],"optimization":[4],"of":[5,28,107,143,152,163,186,213],"the":[6,91,104,108,125,137,150,160,187,199,211,227],"combustion":[7],"process":[8],"for":[9,155],"reduced":[10],"pollutant":[11],"emission":[12],"and":[13,36,39,70,176],"higher":[14],"fuel":[15,35,200],"efficiency":[16],"has":[17],"become":[18],"an":[19,118],"industry":[20],"objective.":[21],"To":[22],"achieve":[23],"these":[24,58],"objectives,":[25],"continuous":[26],"monitoring":[27,49,83,158],"key":[29],"processes":[30],"parameters":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33],"temperatures,":[34],"oxidant":[37],"input,":[38],"flue":[40,46],"gas":[41,47,130,215],"composition":[42,48],"is":[43,189,202],"required.":[44],"For":[45],"conventional":[50,179],"extractive":[51,95,180],"sampling":[52,181],"techniques":[53,59],"are":[54,71,114],"typically":[55,217],"used.":[56,111],"However":[57],"suffer":[60],"from":[61],"slow":[62],"response":[63,184],"time":[64,185],"due":[65],"to":[66,73,78,100,121,209,229],"long":[67],"sample":[68],"lines":[69,142],"sensitive":[72],"plugging":[74],"problems":[75,92],"when":[76],"applied":[77],"particle-laden":[79,231],"flows.":[80,232],"Using":[81],"in-situ":[82,156],"with":[84,94,178],"near-IR":[85],"tunable":[86],"diode":[87,109],"lasers":[88,110,113],"(TDL)":[89],"eliminates":[90],"encountered":[93],"sampling.":[96],"The":[97,183],"chemical":[98],"species":[99],"be":[101,133],"monitored":[102],"dictates":[103],"wavelength":[105],"range":[106],"These":[112],"rapidly":[115],"tuned":[116],"over":[117,139],"absorption":[119],"line":[120],"obtain":[122],"concentration":[123],"along":[124],"line-of-sight":[126],"path.":[127],"In":[128,207],"addition,":[129,208],"temperature":[131],"can":[132],"measured":[134],"by":[135,191],"scanning":[136],"laser":[138],"multiple":[140],"rotational":[141],"a":[144,195],"target":[145],"molecule.":[146],"Here":[147],"we":[148],"demonstrate":[149],"feasibility":[151],"using":[153],"TDL's":[154],"O2":[157],"on":[159,194,219],"exhaust":[161],"end":[162],"Air":[164],"Liquide's":[165],"oxy-fuel":[166],"pilot":[167],"furnace.":[168],"Tests":[169],"were":[170,224],"conducted":[171,193],"at":[172,204],"various":[173],"operating":[174],"conditions":[175],"compared":[177],"measurements.":[182],"technique":[188],"demonstrated":[190],"measurements":[192],"dynamic":[196],"system":[197],"where":[198],"flow":[201],"oscillated":[203],"low":[205],"frequencies.":[206],"study":[210],"effect":[212],"dirty":[214],"streams":[216],"found":[218],"industrial":[220],"processes,":[221],"seed":[222],"particles":[223],"introduced":[225],"into":[226],"burner":[228],"simulate":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
