{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2027422160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022046906009006","title":"Conversion and St Louis's Last Crusade","display_name":"Conversion and St Louis's Last Crusade","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2027422160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022046906009006","mag":"2027422160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0022046906009006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022046906009006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022046906009006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31769938","display_name":"The Journal of Ecclesiastical History","issn_l":"0022-0469","issn":["0022-0469","1469-7637"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Ecclesiastical History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019507377","display_name":"Michael Lower","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800403580","display_name":"University of Minnesota System","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MICHAEL LOWER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of History, University of Minnesota, 614 Social Sciences Building, 267\u201319th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; e-mail:","History (Twin Cities)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of History, University of Minnesota, 614 Social Sciences Building, 267\u201319th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; e-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"History (Twin Cities)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019507377"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I2800403580"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.4622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98833288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"2","first_page":"211","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14441","display_name":"Religion, Theology, History, Judaism, Christianity","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10595","display_name":"Medieval Literature and History","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1205","display_name":"Classics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/louis-ix-of-france","display_name":"Louis IX of France","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversion","display_name":"conversion","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jewish-policy","display_name":"Jewish policy","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-jews","display_name":"French Jews","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-africa","display_name":"North Africa","score":0.3790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775922551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135033","display_name":"Parallels","level":2,"score":0.8869661092758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018022065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38022","display_name":"St louis","level":2,"score":0.8283061981201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.5472724437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150152722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9268","display_name":"Judaism","level":2,"score":0.5140124559402466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.4975579082965851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114362828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23792","display_name":"Palestine","level":2,"score":0.41012051701545715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.4013202488422394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.20915573835372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.13117754459381104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07139864563941956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.053158730268478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0022046906009006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022046906009006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022046906009006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31769938","display_name":"The Journal of Ecclesiastical History","issn_l":"0022-0469","issn":["0022-0469","1469-7637"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Ecclesiastical History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2277794996","https://openalex.org/W1964879957","https://openalex.org/W2504593154","https://openalex.org/W2005046750","https://openalex.org/W4390115938","https://openalex.org/W2808752767","https://openalex.org/W2807806191","https://openalex.org/W4210798000","https://openalex.org/W2483115497","https://openalex.org/W4213028856"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Arguments":[0],"as":[1],"to":[2,10,22,43,50,62,105],"why":[3],"St":[4],"Louis":[5,36,104],"diverted":[6],"his":[7,46,77,83],"1270":[8],"crusade":[9],"Tunis":[11,63],"from":[12],"Jerusalem":[13],"have":[14,26],"been":[15],"raging":[16],"ever":[17],"since":[18],"the":[19,30,33,60,80,95],"expedition":[20],"returned":[21],"France.":[23],"Although":[24],"historians":[25],"recently":[27],"agreed":[28],"that":[29,59,99],"diversion":[31,61],"was":[32],"decision":[34],"of":[35,45,69,82],"himself,":[37],"this":[38],"consensus":[39],"has":[40],"not":[41],"led":[42,103],"exploration":[44],"reasons":[47],"for":[48],"crusading":[49],"a":[51],"north":[52],"African":[53],"port":[54],"city.":[55],"This":[56],"essay":[57],"argues":[58],"is":[64],"best":[65],"understood":[66],"in":[67,74,85],"terms":[68],"Louis's":[70,91],"ideas":[71],"about":[72],"conversion":[73,101],"general":[75],"and":[76,94],"policy":[78,93],"towards":[79],"Jews":[81],"land":[84],"particular.":[86],"The":[87],"close":[88],"parallels":[89],"between":[90],"Jewish":[92],"Tunisian":[96],"strategy":[97],"suggest":[98],"these":[100],"policies":[102],"Tunis.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}