{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026010073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","title":"A neurochemical basis for the antipsychotic activity of loxapine: Interactions with dopamine D1, D2, D4, and serotonin 5-HT2 receptor subtypes","display_name":"A neurochemical basis for the antipsychotic activity of loxapine: Interactions with dopamine D1, D2, D4, and serotonin 5-HT2 receptor subtypes","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026010073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","mag":"2026010073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103454021","display_name":"A.N. Singh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.N. Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035593283","display_name":"Cia Barlas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Barlas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103624042","display_name":"Sarika Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9264-890X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9264-890X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-6685"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024645589","display_name":"Paul W. Franks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-7604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-7604"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Franks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014184827","display_name":"Ram K. Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-3400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-3400"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.K. Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3228,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6092906,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"424s","last_page":"424s"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.06729999929666519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11178","display_name":"Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loxapine","display_name":"loxapine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antipsychotic-mechanism-of-action","display_name":"antipsychotic mechanism of action","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-d4-receptor","display_name":"dopamine D4 receptor","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5-ht2-receptor","display_name":"5-HT2 receptor","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-d1-receptor","display_name":"dopamine D1 receptor","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-d2-receptor","display_name":"dopamine D2 receptor","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nmda-receptor","display_name":"NMDA receptor","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrapyramidal-symptoms","display_name":"extrapyramidal symptoms","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tardive-dyskinesia","display_name":"tardive dyskinesia","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clozapine","display_name":"clozapine","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia","display_name":"schizophrenia","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serotonergic-neurotransmission","display_name":"serotonergic neurotransmission","score":0.8299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221361","display_name":"Clozapine","level":3,"score":0.8101869821548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44208683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15335165","display_name":"Dopamine receptor D2","level":3,"score":0.666743278503418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779158372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546328","display_name":"Tardive dyskinesia","level":3,"score":0.6199535727500916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.6071066856384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780494398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208144","display_name":"Antipsychotic","level":3,"score":0.5923011302947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37000724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50430226","display_name":"Serotonergic","level":4,"score":0.5840705633163452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.5541335344314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.49917101860046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25876315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15197465","display_name":"Neurochemical","level":2,"score":0.4966016411781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776921671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q758295","display_name":"Atypical antipsychotic","level":4,"score":0.47736856341362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775864247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167934","display_name":"Serotonin","level":3,"score":0.41690027713775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39592355489730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3349626064300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.3132972717285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.2436835765838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20537027716636658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.10407298803329468}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-9338(96)89395-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87202501","display_name":"European Psychiatry","issn_l":"0924-9338","issn":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139756409","https://openalex.org/W2772304894","https://openalex.org/W2018151290","https://openalex.org/W2127406167","https://openalex.org/W152000104","https://openalex.org/W2039041676","https://openalex.org/W131420937","https://openalex.org/W4245205465","https://openalex.org/W300505819","https://openalex.org/W1976673827"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Loxapine":[0],"is":[1,20,30],"a":[2],"typical":[3],"neuroleptic":[4],"that":[5,39,63,112,129],"shows":[6],"great":[7],"structural":[8],"and":[9,99,123,132,141],"functional":[10],"homology":[11],"to":[12,72,136],"the":[13,37,57,60,83,89,137,147],"atypical":[14],"antipsychotic":[15,138],"clozapine.":[16],"Chronic":[17],"loxapine":[18,33,49,87,113,145],"treatment":[19,29,148],"usually":[21,51],"associated":[22,143],"with":[23,65,144],"extrapyramidal":[24],"symptoms":[25],"(EPS),":[26],"whereas":[27],"clozapine":[28,44],"not.":[31],"Conversely,":[32],"does":[34],"not":[35],"produce":[36],"agranulocytosis":[38],"often":[40],"results":[41],"from":[42],"protracted":[43],"treatment.":[45,67],"Earlier":[46],"studies":[47],"of":[48,59,86,149],"have":[50],"implicated":[52],"D2":[53],"receptor":[54,101],"blockade":[55],"as":[56,94,96],"cause":[58],"tardive":[61],"dyskinesia":[62],"occurs":[64],"chronic":[66],"More":[68],"recently,":[69],"loxapine's":[70],"ability":[71],"potentiate":[73],"serotonergic":[74,131],"neurotransmission":[75],"has":[76],"also":[77],"been":[78],"implicated.":[79],"In":[80],"this":[81],"study,":[82],"pharmacological":[84],"affinities":[85],"for":[88,120],"dopamine":[90,121],"D1,":[91],"D2,":[92],"D4,":[93],"well":[95],"serotonin-2":[97],"(5-HT2)":[98],"NMDA":[100],"subtypes,":[102],"were":[103],"investigated":[104],"through":[105],"direct":[106],"radioreceptor":[107],"assays.":[108],"The":[109],"findings":[110],"indicate":[111],"displays":[114],"an":[115],"extremely":[116],"strong":[117],"binding":[118],"affinity":[119],"D4":[122],"serotonin":[124],"5-HT2":[125],"receptors,":[126],"which":[127],"suggests":[128],"both":[130],"dopaminergic":[133],"mechanisms":[134],"contribute":[135],"drug":[139],"action":[140],"EPS":[142],"in":[146],"schizophrenia.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
