{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025945922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","title":"GSR2005\u2014Continuity of the ENFSI Proficiency Test on Identification of GSR by SEM/EDX","display_name":"GSR2005\u2014Continuity of the ENFSI Proficiency Test on Identification of GSR by SEM/EDX","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-11-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025945922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","mag":"2025945922","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18005006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62072220","display_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","issn_l":"0022-1198","issn":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051577236","display_name":"Ludwig Niewoehner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333198813","display_name":"Bundeskriminalamt","ror":"https://ror.org/037bsar61","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333198813"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ludwig Niewoehner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forensic Science Institute, BKA, D-65173 Wiesbaden, Germany. ludwig.niewoehner@bka.bund.de","Forensic Science Institute, BKA, D-65173 Wiesbaden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forensic Science Institute, BKA, D-65173 Wiesbaden, Germany. ludwig.niewoehner@bka.bund.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333198813"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forensic Science Institute, BKA, D-65173 Wiesbaden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333198813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008489520","display_name":"Jan Andrasko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154266","display_name":"Swedish National Forensic Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04dgdk605","country_code":"SE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154266"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Andrasko","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Forensic Science, SKL, SE-58194 Linkoeping, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Forensic Science, SKL, SE-58194 Linkoeping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154266"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021786725","display_name":"Jan Biegstraaten","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158244335","display_name":"Netherlands Forensic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04s2z4291","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158244335"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Biegstraaten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Netherlands Forensic Institute, NFI, NL-2497 GB Den Haag, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Netherlands Forensic Institute, NFI, NL-2497 GB Den Haag, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158244335"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026050715","display_name":"Lawrence Gunaratnam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336273203","display_name":"National Bureau of Investigation","ror":"https://ror.org/03g2cyv75","country_code":"FI","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336273203"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Gunaratnam","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Bureau of Investigation, NBI, PL 285, FIN-01301 Vantaa, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Bureau of Investigation, NBI, PL 285, FIN-01301 Vantaa, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336273203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073659468","display_name":"Sylvia Steffen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333198813","display_name":"Bundeskriminalamt","ror":"https://ror.org/037bsar61","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333198813"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvia Steffen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forensic Science Institute, BKA, D-65173 Wiesbaden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forensic Science Institute, BKA, D-65173 Wiesbaden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333198813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006443757","display_name":"Steffen Uhlig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8700-8686","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8700-8686","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1211-8777"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405278134","display_name":"QuoData (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/052xa4236","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405278134"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen Uhlig","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuoData Ges. fu\u0308r Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D-01187 Dresden, Germany","QuoData Ges. f\u00fcr Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D\u201001187 Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuoData Ges. fu\u0308r Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D-01187 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278134"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuoData Ges. f\u00fcr Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D\u201001187 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278134"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078928020","display_name":"Sabine Antoni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405278134","display_name":"QuoData (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/052xa4236","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405278134"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Antoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuoData Ges. fu\u0308r Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D-01187 Dresden, Germany","QuoData Ges. f\u00fcr Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D\u201001187 Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuoData Ges. fu\u0308r Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D-01187 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278134"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuoData Ges. f\u00fcr Qualitaetsmanagement und Statistik mbH, Kaitzer Str. 135, D\u201001187 Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405278134"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051577236"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333198813"],"apc_list":{"value":4330,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4330},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85032098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"1","first_page":"162","last_page":"167"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11890","display_name":"Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation","score":0.4733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11890","display_name":"Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation","score":0.4733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12039","display_name":"Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.07739999890327454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10180","display_name":"Analytical chemistry methods development","score":0.07119999825954437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gunshot-residue","display_name":"gunshot residue","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sem-edx","display_name":"SEM-EDX","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proficiency-testing","display_name":"proficiency testing","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interlaboratory-comparison","display_name":"interlaboratory comparison","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firearms-examination","display_name":"firearms examination","score":0.40700000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enfsi","display_name":"ENFSI","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.552984356880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909214062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911272","display_name":"Electron probe microanalysis","level":3,"score":0.43169042468070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31033462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3058182","display_name":"Microanalysis","level":2,"score":0.4110974967479706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35098275542259216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.34266865253448486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30727419257164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.21112123131752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17732790112495422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.13742589950561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06143304705619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00594.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62072220","display_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","issn_l":"0022-1198","issn":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18005006","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18005006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of forensic sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W346960","https://openalex.org/W1991186175","https://openalex.org/W2003864760","https://openalex.org/W4301861531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991186175","https://openalex.org/W346960","https://openalex.org/W3006022517","https://openalex.org/W2894420295","https://openalex.org/W3185857140","https://openalex.org/W7162464740","https://openalex.org/W4200163911","https://openalex.org/W4323028063","https://openalex.org/W4404201810","https://openalex.org/W3046554096"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Within":[0],"the":[1,4,14,70,102,110,126,143,146,163],"framework":[2],"of":[3,18,73,88,101,122,145],"ENFSI":[5],"Expert":[6],"Working":[7],"Group":[8],"\"Firearms\"":[9],"a":[10,30,78,159],"proficiency":[11,54,148],"test":[12,36,55,80,149],"on":[13,77],"detection":[15,94,165],"and":[16,41,56,93,99,112,128],"identification":[17],"GSR":[19,90],"by":[20,95,109,120],"energy-dispersive":[21],"scanning":[22],"electron":[23],"microanalysis":[24],"(SEM/EDX)":[25],"is":[26,158],"carried":[27],"out":[28],"in":[29,39,52,58,162],"2":[31],"years":[32],"term.":[33],"The":[34,63,116,153],"latest":[35],"was":[37,42],"performed":[38],"2005/2006":[40],"denoted":[43],"as":[44,135,137],"GSR2005.":[45],"Seventy-five":[46],"laboratories":[47,65,111],"from":[48],"28":[49],"countries":[50],"participated":[51],"this":[53],"submitted":[57],"total":[59,71],"83":[60],"independent":[61],"data-sets.":[62],"participating":[64],"were":[66,113,118,140],"requested":[67],"to":[68,106,125,142],"determine":[69],"number":[72],"PbSbBa":[74],"containing":[75],"particles":[76,104],"synthetic":[79],"sample":[81],"following":[82],"their":[83],"own":[84],"laboratory":[85,132],"specific":[86],"methods":[87],"automated":[89],"particle":[91],"search":[92],"SEM/EDX.":[96],"Furthermore":[97],"size":[98],"position":[100],"detected":[103],"had":[105],"be":[107],"reported":[108],"evaluated":[114],"statistically.":[115],"results":[117,144],"compiled":[119],"means":[121],"z-scores":[123],"according":[124],"IUPAC":[127],"EURACHEM":[129],"guidelines-assessing":[130],"individual":[131],"achievements":[133],"(inter-laboratory)":[134],"well":[136],"intra-laboratory":[138],"performance-and":[139],"compared":[141],"previous":[147],"run":[150],"GSR2003":[151],"(1).":[152],"comparison":[154],"shows":[155],"that":[156],"there":[157],"noticeable":[160],"improvement":[161],"method's":[164],"capability.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
