{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025839643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","title":"The design of the KSTAR tokamak","display_name":"The design of the KSTAR tokamak","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025839643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","mag":"2025839643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191935395","display_name":"Fusion Engineering and Design","issn_l":"0920-3796","issn":["0920-3796","1873-7196"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fusion Engineering and Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057320598","display_name":"G.S. Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G.S. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044473964","display_name":"J Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108913286","display_name":"S. M. Hwang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.M. Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067219154","display_name":"C. S. Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-5731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-5731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.S. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103044599","display_name":"H. Y. Chang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.Y. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075453290","display_name":"Myung\u2010Haing Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-2011","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-2011"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.H. Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110265313","display_name":"Bong Hyuk Choi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155671955","display_name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb4fs50","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155671955","https://openalex.org/I27494661","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.H. Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155671955"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086272278","display_name":"K Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399598381","display_name":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axnyp10","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000584325","display_name":"S.C. Jardin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-6908","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6390-6908"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Jardin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068914560","display_name":"G.H. Neilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-3790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-3790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.H. Neilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113584167","display_name":"HK Park","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.K. Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006482696","display_name":"Wayne T. Reiersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2573-0654","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2573-0654"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Reiersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066395113","display_name":"J. Schmidt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087910752","display_name":"Kenneth M. Young","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-7993","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-7993"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113365489","display_name":"Joel H. Schultz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-1547","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-1547","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1304-3328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Schultz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070749512","display_name":"L. Sevier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63533367","display_name":"General Atomics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ngjpk76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Sevier","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63533367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S.Y. Cho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.Y. Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004891489","display_name":"Jaehyeok Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5724-0775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5724-0775","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4634-9654"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.H. Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065127621","display_name":"N.I. Hur","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N.I. Hur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080584914","display_name":"Kihak Im","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4851-6175","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4851-6175"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.H. Im","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068398224","display_name":"S. Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399598381","display_name":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axnyp10","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344647","display_name":"Jae-Young Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-7183","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8229-7183","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-1112","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-843X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399598381","display_name":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axnyp10","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.Y. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071237959","display_name":"M.C. Kyum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.C. Kyum","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073968015","display_name":"Byeong\u2010Joo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6263-7996","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6263-7996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.J. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070957479","display_name":"DK Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-322X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-322X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.K Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S.G. Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.G. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111687045","display_name":"H.L. Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.L. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004084780","display_name":"B.G. Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4459-1677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4459-1677"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.G. Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073016636","display_name":"Y. S. Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-9241","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-9241"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.S. Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S.H. Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399598381","display_name":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axnyp10","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.H. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Y.J. Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399598381","display_name":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04axnyp10","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.J. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4399598381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113265838","display_name":"J.Y. Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.Y. Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034765579","display_name":"Wan Namkung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-7433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-7433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799567181","display_name":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03vn1ts68","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2799567181","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Namkung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799567181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043787886","display_name":"Kwang Hwa Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7101-603X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7101-603X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139925","display_name":"Korea Basic Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0417sdw47","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210139925","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.H. Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Yeoeun-dong, Yusung-ku, Taejeon 305-33, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033027451","display_name":"D.I. Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3302-5080","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3302-5080"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155671955","display_name":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb4fs50","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155671955","https://openalex.org/I27494661","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.I. Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155671955"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057320598"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139925"],"apc_list":{"value":2810,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2810},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1207,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91991438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"2-4","first_page":"405","last_page":"411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13769","display_name":"Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies","score":0.011300000362098217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11808","display_name":"Superconducting Materials and Applications","score":0.009100000374019146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kstar-tokamak","display_name":"KSTAR tokamak","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superconducting-tokamak","display_name":"superconducting tokamak","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokamak-design","display_name":"tokamak design","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state-operation","display_name":"steady-state operation","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-inductive-current-drive","display_name":"non-inductive current drive","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutral-beam-heating","display_name":"neutral beam heating","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-cyclotron-range-of-frequencies-heating","display_name":"ion cyclotron range of frequencies heating","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lower-hybrid-heating","display_name":"lower hybrid heating","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-cyclotron-resonance-heating","display_name":"electron cyclotron heating","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-diagnostics","display_name":"plasma diagnostics","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/double-null-divertor","display_name":"double-null divertor","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-reactor","display_name":"fusion reactor","score":0.5080000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780166548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843074","display_name":"KSTAR","level":4,"score":0.9531725645065308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777017188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230603","display_name":"Divertor","level":4,"score":0.8320680260658264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","level":3,"score":0.7817095518112183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.6860203146934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39527238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204469","display_name":"Cyclotron","level":3,"score":0.625433623790741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.5620840191841125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.523873507976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777272912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254606","display_name":"Gyrotron","level":3,"score":0.45848414301872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172108966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120120","display_name":"Superconducting magnet","level":3,"score":0.43926364183425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169150495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7259675","display_name":"Pulse duration","level":3,"score":0.42838144302368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.42299383878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.22252964973449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.19874444603919983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.14849314093589783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.12490838766098022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09226903319358826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-3796(99)00032-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191935395","display_name":"Fusion Engineering and Design","issn_l":"0920-3796","issn":["0920-3796","1873-7196"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fusion Engineering and Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/20197","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/20197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oasis.postech.ac.kr:2014.oak/33777","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/33777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401965","display_name":"Open Access System for Information Sharing (Pohang University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","host_organization_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article; Proceedings Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482244366","https://openalex.org/W1880395417","https://openalex.org/W2132206028","https://openalex.org/W2160275107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084150489","https://openalex.org/W2160275107","https://openalex.org/W1880395417","https://openalex.org/W1994014016","https://openalex.org/W1979321712","https://openalex.org/W2109062297","https://openalex.org/W2491218968","https://openalex.org/W2038916548","https://openalex.org/W1482394115","https://openalex.org/W2095771460"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
