{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025720366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026033451862","title":"Peptidylprolyl Cis / Trans Isomerases (Immunophilins): Biological Diversity - Targets - Functions","display_name":"Peptidylprolyl Cis / Trans Isomerases (Immunophilins): Biological Diversity - Targets - Functions","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025720366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026033451862","mag":"2025720366","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12871165"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2174/1568026033451862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026033451862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026033451862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107732428","display_name":"Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry","issn_l":"1568-0266","issn":["1568-0266","1873-4294"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039034129","display_name":"Andrzej Ga\u0142at","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrzej Galat","raw_affiliation_strings":["D\u00e9partement d'Ing\u00e9nierie et d'Etudes des Prot\u00e9ines, DSV/CEA, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. galat@salome.saclay.cea.fr","D\u00e9partement d'Ing\u00e9nierie et d'Etudes des Prot\u00e9ines, DSV/CEA, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement d'Ing\u00e9nierie et d'Etudes des Prot\u00e9ines, DSV/CEA, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France. galat@salome.saclay.cea.fr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"D\u00e9partement d'Ing\u00e9nierie et d'Etudes des Prot\u00e9ines, DSV/CEA, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039034129"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1261,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":358,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97538442,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"12","first_page":"1315","last_page":"1347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12620","display_name":"Signaling Pathways in Disease","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12620","display_name":"Signaling Pathways in Disease","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10934","display_name":"Heat shock proteins research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptidyl-prolyl-cis-trans-isomerase","display_name":"peptidyl-prolyl isomerase","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunophilins","display_name":"immunophilins","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclophilin","display_name":"cyclophilin","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fkbp","display_name":"FKBP","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fk506","display_name":"FK506","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapamycin","display_name":"rapamycin","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pin1","display_name":"Pin1","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parvulin","display_name":"parvulin","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitating-factors","display_name":"precipitating factors","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-protein-interaction","display_name":"protein-protein interaction","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding","display_name":"protein folding","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-conservation","display_name":"sequence conservation","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133956753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583864","display_name":"FKBP","level":2,"score":0.8863862752914429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910677434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426411","display_name":"Peptidylprolyl isomerase","level":4,"score":0.8322808742523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776326521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3774751","display_name":"Cyclophilin","level":3,"score":0.798740029335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7656131982803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910190745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5122112","display_name":"Cis-trans-Isomerases","level":5,"score":0.7248191237449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781098309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426411","display_name":"Prolyl isomerase","level":5,"score":0.6275901794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.6079966425895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909439513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18030682","display_name":"Cyclophilin A","level":2,"score":0.5107815265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.5054280757904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.48304063081741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4259743392467499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781264208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118026","display_name":"Isomerase","level":3,"score":0.31855595111846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.22413769364356995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154472170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18030556","display_name":"PIN1","level":4,"score":0.19996842741966248}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006360","descriptor_name":"Heat-Shock Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006360","descriptor_name":"Heat-Shock Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006360","descriptor_name":"Heat-Shock Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006360","descriptor_name":"Heat-Shock Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006360","descriptor_name":"Heat-Shock Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006360","descriptor_name":"Heat-Shock Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012441","descriptor_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017386","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology, Amino Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017386","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology, Amino Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017386","descriptor_name":"Sequence Homology, Amino Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019696","descriptor_name":"Peptidylprolyl Isomerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019696","descriptor_name":"Peptidylprolyl Isomerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019696","descriptor_name":"Peptidylprolyl Isomerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019696","descriptor_name":"Peptidylprolyl Isomerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019696","descriptor_name":"Peptidylprolyl Isomerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019696","descriptor_name":"Peptidylprolyl Isomerase","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020104","descriptor_name":"Immunophilins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020104","descriptor_name":"Immunophilins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020104","descriptor_name":"Immunophilins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022021","descriptor_name":"Tacrolimus Binding Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022021","descriptor_name":"Tacrolimus Binding Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D022021","descriptor_name":"Tacrolimus Binding Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2174/1568026033451862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026033451862","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026033451862","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107732428","display_name":"Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry","issn_l":"1568-0266","issn":["1568-0266","1873-4294"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320079","host_organization_name":"Bentham Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bentham Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12871165","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12871165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current topics in medicinal chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2164598704","https://openalex.org/W2019689527","https://openalex.org/W1973873871","https://openalex.org/W2160090073","https://openalex.org/W1994770101","https://openalex.org/W2437955347","https://openalex.org/W2026676860","https://openalex.org/W2099896929","https://openalex.org/W2606356913","https://openalex.org/W2035045046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"recovered":[1],"from":[2,100,112,140,208,213,276],"genome":[3,49,119,169],"sequencing":[4],"projects,":[5],"multiple":[6,146],"sequence":[7,62,264],"alignments,":[8],"structural":[9],"analyses":[10],"of":[11,26,29,35,63,71,83,164,201,223,233,252,258,262,266,270,308,318,321],"PPIase":[12,181,295],"and":[13,24,145,157,174,192,229,247,274,298,316],"published":[14],"records":[15],"were":[16],"used":[17],"in":[18,167,281,305],"deciphering":[19],"the":[20,47,61,69,72,84,168,204,224,230,263,267,288,294,306,313],"biological":[21],"diversity,":[22],"functions":[23,158,317],"targets":[25,253],"four":[27,103,216],"groups":[28,269],"proteins":[30,54,126,172],"encoded":[31,52,166],"by":[32],"dissimilar":[33],"sets":[34],"sequences":[36,285],"whose":[37,55,136,154],"spatial":[38,314],"representations":[39],"exhibit":[40],"peptidylprolyl":[41],"cis/trans":[42],"isomerase":[43],"activity":[44,296],"(PPIase).":[45],"In":[46],"human":[48,118],"there":[50],"are":[51,240],"fifteen":[53],"segments":[56,148],"have":[57,108],"significant":[58],"homology":[59],"with":[60,249],"12":[64,80],"kDa":[65,81,144],"protein":[66,86,95,226],"which":[67,292,310],"is":[68,91,178],"target":[70],"potent":[73],"immunosuppressive":[74],"macrolides":[75],"FK506":[76],"or":[77],"rapamycin.":[78],"The":[79,117,161,185],"archetype":[82],"FK506-binding":[85],"(FKBP),":[87],"known":[88,235],"as":[89,236],"FKBP-12a,":[90],"an":[92,179],"abundant":[93],"intracellular":[94],"whereas":[96,203],"other":[97],"FKBPs":[98,275],"possessing":[99],"one":[101,128,220],"to":[102,114,142,210,215,243],"FK506-like":[104],"binding":[105,131,300],"domains":[106],"(FKBDs)":[107],"nominal":[109,137],"masses":[110,138],"varying":[111],"13":[113],"135":[115],"kDa.":[116],"contains":[120],"at":[121],"least":[122],"sixteen":[123],"genes":[124,217],"encoding":[125,218],"comprising":[127],"cyclosporin-A":[129],"(CsA)":[130],"domain":[132],"(CLD)":[133],"called":[134],"cyclophilins":[135,151,273],"vary":[139],"17":[141],"324":[143],"coding":[147],"for":[149,182],"small":[150],"(17-19":[152],"kDa)":[153],"transcription":[155],"levels":[156],"remain":[159,302,323],"unknown.":[160],"third":[162],"group":[163,232,283,320],"PPIases":[165,202,234,239,322],"comprises":[170],"two":[171,268],"(hPin1":[173],"hParv14)":[175],"where":[176],"hPin1":[177],"important":[180],"cell":[183],"cycle.":[184],"A.":[186],"thaliana,":[187],"C.":[188],"elegans,":[189],"D.":[190],"melanogaster":[191],"S.":[193],"cerevisiae":[194],"genomes":[195,206],"encode":[196],"a":[197,250,256],"less":[198],"diverse":[199,277],"spectrum":[200],"prokaryotic":[205],"contain":[207],"none":[209,214],"three":[211],"cyclophilins,":[212],"FKBPs,":[219],"distant":[221],"homologue":[222],"Pin1":[225],"named":[227],"parvulin":[228],"fourth":[231],"trigger":[237],"factors.":[238],"discretely":[241],"distributed":[242],"different":[244],"cellular":[245,259],"compartments":[246],"interact":[248],"number":[251],"that":[254,280,312],"control":[255],"range":[257],"processes.":[260],"Analyses":[261],"alignments":[265],"PPIases,":[271],"namely":[272],"phyla,":[278],"show":[279],"each":[282,319],"their":[284],"diverge":[286],"but":[287],"amino":[289],"acid":[290],"residues":[291],"form":[293],"site":[297],"macrolide":[299],"cavity":[301],"well":[303],"conserved":[304],"majority":[307],"them":[309],"suggests":[311],"structures":[315],"conserved.":[324]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}