{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025436670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","title":"Elevated-pH bioleaching of a low-grade ultramafic nickel sulphide ore in stirred-tank reactors at 5 to 45 \u00b0C","display_name":"Elevated-pH bioleaching of a low-grade ultramafic nickel sulphide ore in stirred-tank reactors at 5 to 45 \u00b0C","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025436670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","mag":"2025436670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143946080","display_name":"Hydrometallurgy","issn_l":"0304-386X","issn":["0304-386X","1879-1158"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrometallurgy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013182757","display_name":"Rory A. Cameron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-7119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-7119"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rory A. Cameron","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020551351","display_name":"Rolando Lastra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolando Lastra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011143066","display_name":"Saviz Mortazavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-363X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-363X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saviz Mortazavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031700507","display_name":"W. Douglas Gould","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. Douglas Gould","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076190665","display_name":"Yves Thibault","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-0387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7803-0387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yves Thibault","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008594358","display_name":"Pierre L. Bedard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre L. Bedard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012694945","display_name":"Lucie Morin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281735042","display_name":"Natural Resources Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05hepy730","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucie Morin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mining and Mineral Sciences Laboratory, Natural Resources Canada, 555 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113564794","display_name":"Kevin J. Kennedy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin J. Kennedy","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031700507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281735042"],"apc_list":{"value":4350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4350},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2547,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86279578,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"99","issue":"1-2","first_page":"77","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11073","display_name":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11073","display_name":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11401","display_name":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pentlandite","display_name":"pentlandite","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lizardite","display_name":"lizardite","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nickel-extraction","display_name":"nickel extraction","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph-effect","display_name":"pH effect","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stirred-tank-reactor","display_name":"stirred tank reactor","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-grade-nickel-ore","display_name":"low-grade nickel ore","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98380375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864460","display_name":"Bioleaching","level":3,"score":0.9601411819458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778981965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410101","display_name":"Pentlandite","level":4,"score":0.9537712335586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.8364847898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504270822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744","display_name":"Nickel","level":2,"score":0.8196309804916382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543218039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660","display_name":"Magnesium","level":2,"score":0.6601642370223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6400017142295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.625572144985199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195081551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143398","display_name":"Ultramafic rock","level":2,"score":0.4697675406932831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3304125666618347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778188036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111044","display_name":"Chalcopyrite","level":3,"score":0.24324041604995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544778455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753","display_name":"Copper","level":2,"score":0.17136350274085999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.1017884910106659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08218270540237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.05693870782852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S143946080","display_name":"Hydrometallurgy","issn_l":"0304-386X","issn":["0304-386X","1879-1158"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrometallurgy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.7811999917030334,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310630","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W352590268","https://openalex.org/W1970031343","https://openalex.org/W1970057093","https://openalex.org/W1976881294","https://openalex.org/W1988473701","https://openalex.org/W2003338869","https://openalex.org/W2032132842","https://openalex.org/W2034239208","https://openalex.org/W2038508160","https://openalex.org/W2056205895","https://openalex.org/W2069742136","https://openalex.org/W2084983188","https://openalex.org/W2117719113","https://openalex.org/W2480611126","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003338869","https://openalex.org/W2788154854","https://openalex.org/W2014499184","https://openalex.org/W2750069568","https://openalex.org/W2028707422","https://openalex.org/W2972293640","https://openalex.org/W2023805350","https://openalex.org/W7172505568","https://openalex.org/W7132861287","https://openalex.org/W1976881294"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}