{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024993147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","title":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS in Central Africa","display_name":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS in Central Africa","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024993147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","mag":"2024993147","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1699254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71995303","display_name":"Respiratory Medicine","issn_l":"0954-6111","issn":["0954-6111","1532-3064"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Respiratory Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103535478","display_name":"D T McLeod","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D.T. McLeod","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Harare"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Harare","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. Neill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Neill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090780444","display_name":"Lovemore Gwanzura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-4453","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7119-4453"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Gwanzura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology and Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110083907","display_name":"Ahmed S. Latif","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.S. Latif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110898179","display_name":"Jean Emmanuel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121049","display_name":"National Blood Service Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/034n9j029","country_code":"ZW","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121049"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.C. Emmanuel","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Blood Transfusion Service, Harare, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090227720","display_name":"N. K. Nkanza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}],"countries":["ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Nkanza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Microbiology and Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Histopathology of the Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109162020","display_name":"Sebastian B Lucas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2793-0050","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2793-0050","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-0002"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.B. Lucas","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Wolfson Tropical Pathology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103535478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"],"apc_list":{"value":3630,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3630},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86168062,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"3","first_page":"225","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12369","display_name":"Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12369","display_name":"Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10654","display_name":"Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11037","display_name":"Fungal Infections and Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia","display_name":"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aids","display_name":"AIDS","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infection","display_name":"HIV infection","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-pulmonary-infection","display_name":"opportunistic lung infection","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-kaposi-s-sarcoma","display_name":"pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transbronchial-biopsy","display_name":"transbronchial biopsy","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchoalveolar-lavage","display_name":"bronchoalveolar lavage","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibre-optic-bronchoscopy","display_name":"fibreoptic bronchoscopy","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcus-pneumoniae","display_name":"Streptococcus pneumoniae","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-africa","display_name":"Central Africa","score":0.9190000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993443204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134478","display_name":"Pneumocystis carinii","level":4,"score":0.9593786001205444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9069796800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777961210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927148","display_name":"Bronchoalveolar lavage","level":3,"score":0.8085823059082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777914695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12192","display_name":"Pneumonia","level":2,"score":0.767174243927002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778996910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237232","display_name":"Bronchoscopy","level":2,"score":0.5623304843902588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.5422341227531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.4995090961456299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781253189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221179","display_name":"Streptococcus pneumoniae","level":3,"score":0.4840051829814911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775934546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179991","display_name":"Biopsy","level":2,"score":0.46308284997940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776345407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3776920","display_name":"Bacterial pneumonia","level":3,"score":0.45836079120635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779196057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835718","display_name":"Opportunistic infection","level":4,"score":0.45793652534484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.44616076350212097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.38508760929107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3249077796936035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.26406264305114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2608623206615448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.2396601140499115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.09105578064918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777559004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134478","display_name":"Pneumocystis jirovecii","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001999","descriptor_name":"Bronchoscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009894","descriptor_name":"Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009894","descriptor_name":"Opportunistic Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011020","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia, Pneumocystis","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011020","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia, Pneumocystis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015030","descriptor_name":"Zimbabwe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80039-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S71995303","display_name":"Respiratory Medicine","issn_l":"0954-6111","issn":["0954-6111","1532-3064"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Respiratory Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1699254","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1699254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Respiratory medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W307649692","https://openalex.org/W2008190687","https://openalex.org/W2024437252","https://openalex.org/W2026409111","https://openalex.org/W2084507782","https://openalex.org/W2096258748","https://openalex.org/W2109381593","https://openalex.org/W2142696179","https://openalex.org/W2167839646","https://openalex.org/W4231889852","https://openalex.org/W4241278274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W8096941","https://openalex.org/W2004059993","https://openalex.org/W2395598228","https://openalex.org/W1976356182","https://openalex.org/W2463356922","https://openalex.org/W2096127272","https://openalex.org/W42023334","https://openalex.org/W2422134929","https://openalex.org/W1980163857","https://openalex.org/W2015402315"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}