{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024955686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","title":"Understanding autoimmune disease: new targets for drug discovery","display_name":"Understanding autoimmune disease: new targets for drug discovery","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024955686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","mag":"2024955686","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19596080"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152068293","display_name":"Drug Discovery Today","issn_l":"1359-6446","issn":["1359-6446","1878-5832"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Drug Discovery Today","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031154065","display_name":"Cristina Balagu\u00e9","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122008","display_name":"Almirall (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qsven24","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122008"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Balagu\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autoimmunity Department, R&D Center, Almirall Laboratories, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autoimmunity Department, R&D Center, Almirall Laboratories, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122008"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004928457","display_name":"Steven L. Kunkel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-6341","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-6341"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven L. Kunkel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088143432","display_name":"N\u00faria Godessart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3546-4924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3546-4924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122008","display_name":"Almirall (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/03qsven24","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122008"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N\u00faria Godessart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autoimmunity Department, R&D Center, Almirall Laboratories, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autoimmunity Department, R&D Center, Almirall Laboratories, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122008"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088143432"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122008"],"apc_list":{"value":4720,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4720},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3169,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29643296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"19-20","first_page":"926","last_page":"934"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.8833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.8833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.0551999993622303,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10469","display_name":"Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis","score":0.051100000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-discovery-targets","display_name":"drug discovery targets","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-therapy","display_name":"biologic therapy","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-6","display_name":"interleukin-6","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-costimulation","display_name":"T cell costimulation","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leukocyte-migration","display_name":"leukocyte migration","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cells","display_name":"T cells","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-cells","display_name":"B cells","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th17-cells","display_name":"Th17 cells","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"regulatory T cells","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.6524708867073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.6454122066497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.5673121213912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5338322520256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779075594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8084905","display_name":"Autoimmune disease","level":3,"score":0.5032119154930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.4789591133594513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.43837428092956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4050297141075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3689626455307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.36463990807533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.22717401385307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1439276933670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.11798706650733948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001327","descriptor_name":"Autoimmune Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001327","descriptor_name":"Autoimmune Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001327","descriptor_name":"Autoimmune Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001402","descriptor_name":"B-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001402","descriptor_name":"B-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002465","descriptor_name":"Cell Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002465","descriptor_name":"Cell Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007155","descriptor_name":"Immunologic Factors","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015316","descriptor_name":"Genetic Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015551","descriptor_name":"Autoimmunity","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015551","descriptor_name":"Autoimmunity","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044127","descriptor_name":"Epigenesis, Genetic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055808","descriptor_name":"Drug Discovery","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2009.07.002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152068293","display_name":"Drug Discovery Today","issn_l":"1359-6446","issn":["1359-6446","1878-5832"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Drug Discovery Today","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19596080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19596080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Drug discovery today","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541596409","https://openalex.org/W1836344326","https://openalex.org/W1938683170","https://openalex.org/W1965734808","https://openalex.org/W1966657187","https://openalex.org/W1968728160","https://openalex.org/W1973154630","https://openalex.org/W1981714996","https://openalex.org/W1987218173","https://openalex.org/W1987917226","https://openalex.org/W1989694037","https://openalex.org/W1995620440","https://openalex.org/W1996030249","https://openalex.org/W2003551374","https://openalex.org/W2009380392","https://openalex.org/W2011614956","https://openalex.org/W2014300919","https://openalex.org/W2014785961","https://openalex.org/W2018343427","https://openalex.org/W2019088389","https://openalex.org/W2021107621","https://openalex.org/W2026865649","https://openalex.org/W2028012252","https://openalex.org/W2028178787","https://openalex.org/W2029688567","https://openalex.org/W2030942566","https://openalex.org/W2035731056","https://openalex.org/W2036534625","https://openalex.org/W2040890202","https://openalex.org/W2041557956","https://openalex.org/W2042586707","https://openalex.org/W2047550305","https://openalex.org/W2052873213","https://openalex.org/W2054545444","https://openalex.org/W2055799915","https://openalex.org/W2063769680","https://openalex.org/W2063862099","https://openalex.org/W2069182195","https://openalex.org/W2086305319","https://openalex.org/W2100001424","https://openalex.org/W2107094509","https://openalex.org/W2107235439","https://openalex.org/W2107653794","https://openalex.org/W2110888991","https://openalex.org/W2117342688","https://openalex.org/W2120010406","https://openalex.org/W2123093300","https://openalex.org/W2124707938","https://openalex.org/W2135498185","https://openalex.org/W2136278733","https://openalex.org/W2138796127","https://openalex.org/W2151795480","https://openalex.org/W2152181595","https://openalex.org/W2152532651","https://openalex.org/W2161383908","https://openalex.org/W2163579392","https://openalex.org/W2164250102","https://openalex.org/W2406519984","https://openalex.org/W2950532111","https://openalex.org/W3035972904","https://openalex.org/W6713909514","https://openalex.org/W6779667353"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012525036","https://openalex.org/W2105529422","https://openalex.org/W2576351276","https://openalex.org/W4401183183","https://openalex.org/W2044642929","https://openalex.org/W7100154590","https://openalex.org/W2117657706","https://openalex.org/W2065895289","https://openalex.org/W2170312090","https://openalex.org/W2066347309"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
