{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024929655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2004.0137","title":"Fixing the Blame: Organizational Culture and the Quebec Bridge Collapse","display_name":"Fixing the Blame: Organizational Culture and the Quebec Bridge Collapse","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024929655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2004.0137","mag":"2024929655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/tech.2004.0137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2004.0137","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2004.0137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145330833","display_name":"Technology and Culture","issn_l":"0040-165X","issn":["0040-165X","1097-3729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003582427","display_name":"Eda Fowlks Kranakis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eda Kranakis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003582427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1886,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91051888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"3","first_page":"487","last_page":"518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13808","display_name":"Construction Engineering and Safety","score":0.7314000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13808","display_name":"Construction Engineering and Safety","score":0.7314000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":0.2612000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-culture","display_name":"organizational culture","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-failures","display_name":"engineering failures","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/royal-commission-of-inquiry","display_name":"Royal Commission of Inquiry","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theodore-cooper","display_name":"Theodore Cooper","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blame-attribution","display_name":"blame attribution","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"causality","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-engineering","display_name":"history of engineering","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-failure","display_name":"structural failure","score":0.39500001072883606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621695","display_name":"Blame","level":2,"score":0.916816234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67674302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730573","display_name":"Organizational culture","level":2,"score":0.5884496569633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5610631108283997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.46939510107040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.21206128597259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2033570408821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1954907476902008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.051145732402801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/tech.2004.0137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2004.0137","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2004.0137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145330833","display_name":"Technology and Culture","issn_l":"0040-165X","issn":["0040-165X","1097-3729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technology and Culture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/172990","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/172990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3139639507","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trid.trb.org/view/838924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145330833","display_name":"Technology and Culture","issn_l":"0040-165X","issn":["0040-165X","1097-3729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"Technology and Culture","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14904401","https://openalex.org/W190703032","https://openalex.org/W236814673","https://openalex.org/W657108774","https://openalex.org/W765498320","https://openalex.org/W1506795478","https://openalex.org/W1530464055","https://openalex.org/W1583714878","https://openalex.org/W1593208101","https://openalex.org/W1970581288","https://openalex.org/W1971373602","https://openalex.org/W1976515019","https://openalex.org/W1984144801","https://openalex.org/W1990144005","https://openalex.org/W1993663609","https://openalex.org/W1995047150","https://openalex.org/W1999129902","https://openalex.org/W2014391351","https://openalex.org/W2016448578","https://openalex.org/W2018037152","https://openalex.org/W2019165394","https://openalex.org/W2021976936","https://openalex.org/W2027911660","https://openalex.org/W2033012283","https://openalex.org/W2045085104","https://openalex.org/W2050608818","https://openalex.org/W2053510920","https://openalex.org/W2054129954","https://openalex.org/W2056177553","https://openalex.org/W2059834029","https://openalex.org/W2063327327","https://openalex.org/W2063825977","https://openalex.org/W2071220891","https://openalex.org/W2082894840","https://openalex.org/W2093120332","https://openalex.org/W2104190044","https://openalex.org/W2105251708","https://openalex.org/W2109781560","https://openalex.org/W2119176305","https://openalex.org/W2119859176","https://openalex.org/W2132115418","https://openalex.org/W2137791998","https://openalex.org/W2146125995","https://openalex.org/W2146722262","https://openalex.org/W2148555798","https://openalex.org/W2332125581","https://openalex.org/W2335311326","https://openalex.org/W2508099699","https://openalex.org/W2759465699","https://openalex.org/W2769524698","https://openalex.org/W2973282358","https://openalex.org/W3022339544","https://openalex.org/W3046509492","https://openalex.org/W3124423022"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W155568406","https://openalex.org/W4231203413","https://openalex.org/W3024440194","https://openalex.org/W2528395219","https://openalex.org/W4387792618","https://openalex.org/W2963644814","https://openalex.org/W2350575591","https://openalex.org/W2007199732","https://openalex.org/W2331023248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57],"collapse":[1,52,123],"of":[2,10,44,77,92,113,161,167,170,195,210],"the":[3,11,21,26,41,47,96,100,119,122,127,141,148,158,168,171,179,193,196,205],"Quebec":[4,27,172],"Bridge":[5,28,173],"in":[6,19,64,126],"1907":[7],"remains":[8],"\"one":[9],"world's":[12],"major":[13],"structural":[14],"failures,\"":[15],"writes":[16],"Eda":[17],"Kranakis":[18,55,131],"\"Fixing":[20],"Blame:":[22],"Organizational":[23],"Culture":[24],"and":[25,71,102,106,151,189,212],"Collapse,\"":[29],"one":[30],"still":[31],"studied":[32],"by":[33,66,89,95,104,186],"engineering":[34],"students":[35],"as":[36],"an":[37],"object":[38],"lesson.":[39],"But":[40,84],"common":[42],"understanding":[43],"what":[45],"caused":[46],"partially":[48],"completed":[49],"bridge":[50],"to":[51,135,144,155],"is":[53],"flawed,":[54],"argues.":[56],"Royal":[58,206],"Commission":[59],"that":[60,79,118,140,153,178],"investigated":[61],"blamed":[62],"errors":[63,120,139],"judgment":[65],"two":[67],"engineers,":[68],"Theodore":[69],"Cooper":[70],"Peter":[72],"Szlapka,":[73],"shaping":[74],"a":[75,90],"view":[76],"events":[78],"has":[80],"prevailed":[81],"ever":[82],"since.":[83],"its":[85],"conclusions":[86],"are":[87],"belied":[88],"mountain":[91],"evidence":[93,115],"collected":[94],"commission":[97,142],"itself":[98],"during":[99],"inquiry":[101],"contributed":[103],"engineers":[105,188],"public":[107,190],"officials":[108,191],"subsequently.":[109],"\"The":[110],"combined":[111],"weight":[112],"this":[114],"suggests,":[116],"rather,":[117],"behind":[121],"were":[124],"rooted":[125],"project's":[128],"organizational":[129,133,181],"culture.\"":[130],"links":[132],"factors":[134],"three":[136],"crucial":[137],"technical":[138],"found":[143],"be":[145],"responsible":[146],"for":[147],"bridge's":[149],"collapse,":[150],"uses":[152],"discussion":[154],"lead":[156],"into":[157],"broader":[159],"question":[160],"how":[162],"organizations":[163],"influence":[164],"engineering.":[165],"\"One":[166],"ironies":[169],"disaster,\"":[174],"she":[175],"concludes,":[176],"\"is":[177],"important":[180],"lessons":[182],"it":[183],"offered\u00d1although":[184],"understood":[185],"many":[187],"at":[192],"time":[194],"event\u00d1have":[197],"since":[198],"been":[199],"forgotten":[200],"because":[201],"later":[202],"analysts":[203],"accepted":[204],"Commission's":[207],"narrow":[208],"interpretation":[209],"error":[211],"causation.\"":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}