{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024920334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","title":"The Effect of a Standardized Patient Instructor Experience on Students' Anxiety and Confidence Levels Performing the Male Genitorectal Examination","display_name":"The Effect of a Standardized Patient Instructor Experience on Students' Anxiety and Confidence Levels Performing the Male Genitorectal Examination","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024920334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","mag":"2024920334","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16262552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19371312","display_name":"Teaching and Learning in Medicine","issn_l":"1040-1334","issn":["1040-1334","1532-8015"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Teaching and Learning in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109575890","display_name":"Lynne Robins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114445","display_name":"Michigan Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/01zcpa714","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynne S. Robins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Education, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA. lrobins@umich.edu","(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Education, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA. lrobins@umich.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4210114445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111684579","display_name":"Gwen L. Alexander","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gwen L. Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053503630","display_name":"Laurie L. Dicken","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurie L. Dicken","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062929938","display_name":"William D. Belville","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William D. Belville","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113648941","display_name":"Andrew J. Zweifler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. Zweifler","raw_affiliation_strings":["(University of Michigan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(University of Michigan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36980649,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"264","last_page":"269"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11238","display_name":"Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare","score":0.8169000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11238","display_name":"Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare","score":0.8169000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.16040000319480896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11984","display_name":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-anxiety","display_name":"student anxiety","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-self-confidence","display_name":"student self-confidence","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education","display_name":"medical education","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-skills","display_name":"social skills","score":0.31700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.7383583784103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.7177064418792725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.592348575592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.5118622183799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.4971483051776886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4626385271549225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.45336395502090454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3893336355686188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3286447525024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.26615214347839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11229169368743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.10042762756347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07743701338768005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm0904_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19371312","display_name":"Teaching and Learning in Medicine","issn_l":"1040-1334","issn":["1040-1334","1532-8015"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Teaching and Learning in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16262552","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16262552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Teaching and learning in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.7567999958992004,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524697180","https://openalex.org/W1524707288","https://openalex.org/W1545503015","https://openalex.org/W1866279843","https://openalex.org/W1969817969","https://openalex.org/W1974121155","https://openalex.org/W1988321558","https://openalex.org/W2027715468","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2062301139","https://openalex.org/W2075360511","https://openalex.org/W2078354362","https://openalex.org/W2086560157","https://openalex.org/W2088686351","https://openalex.org/W4205396833"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152895557","https://openalex.org/W2007443567","https://openalex.org/W130480377","https://openalex.org/W2201730536","https://openalex.org/W4396619218","https://openalex.org/W2018991691","https://openalex.org/W2013867765","https://openalex.org/W4220968790","https://openalex.org/W2189418013","https://openalex.org/W1168240300"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Standardized":[1],"patient":[2],"instruction":[3],"(SPI)":[4],"is":[5,20,152],"recommended":[6],"as":[7],"a":[8,65,147,164],"nonthreatening":[9],"method":[10],"for":[11,70],"teaching":[12],"the":[13,23,50,72,76,80,85,89,105,119,140],"male":[14],"genitorectal":[15],"examination.":[16,179],"The":[17],"article's":[18],"purpose":[19],"to":[21,48,52,104,175],"describe":[22],"method's":[24],"effectiveness":[25],"in":[26,46,59,91,154],"reducing":[27,155],"anxiety":[28,134,157],"and":[29,34,74,93,101,125,135,171],"increasing":[30,172],"confidence":[31,137,174],"among":[32],"men":[33],"women":[35,126],"students":[36,87,109,127],"from":[37,128],"diverse":[38],"cultures.":[39],"DESCRIPTION:":[40],"We":[41],"implemented":[42],"an":[43],"SPI":[44,73,115,141,150],"program":[45],"1993":[47],"teach":[49],"examination":[51,90],"2nd-year":[53],"students.":[54],"Students":[55],"performed":[56,88],"their":[57,99,114,173],"examinations":[58],"mixed":[60],"gender":[61],"groups":[62,131],"of":[63,84,166],"three;":[64],"man":[66],"student":[67],"was":[68],"responsible":[69],"disrobing":[71],"performing":[75],"first":[77],"exam.":[78],"During":[79],"45-min":[81],"session,":[82],"each":[83,94],"three":[86],"turn,":[92],"received":[95],"immediate":[96],"feedback":[97],"on":[98,168],"technique":[100],"interpersonal":[102],"approach":[103],"patient.":[106],"EVALUATION:":[107],"All":[108],"(n":[110],"=":[111],"190)":[112],"evaluated":[113],"encounter":[116],"immediately":[117],"after":[118,139],"session":[120,151],"had":[121],"ended.":[122],"CONCLUSIONS:":[123],"Men":[124],"all":[129],"ethnic":[130],"reported":[132],"decreased":[133],"increased":[136],"levels":[138],"session.":[142],"These":[143],"findings":[144],"indicate":[145],"that":[146],"carefully":[148],"orchestrated":[149],"effective":[153],"students'":[156],"about":[158],"crossing":[159],"personal":[160],"space":[161],"boundaries,":[162],"overcoming":[163],"variety":[165],"proscriptions":[167],"gender-appropriate":[169],"interactions,":[170],"perform":[176],"this":[177],"sensitive":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}