{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024917797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","title":"Induction of Multiple Immune Regulatory Pathways with Differential Impact in HCV/HIV Coinfection","display_name":"Induction of Multiple Immune Regulatory Pathways with Differential Impact in HCV/HIV Coinfection","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024917797","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","mag":"2024917797","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25071758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010214504","display_name":"Hyosun Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-5742","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9131-5742"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65832422","display_name":"Duksung Women's University","ror":"https://ror.org/01h6frr69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65832422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyosun Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Duksung Women's University , Seoul , South Korea","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Duksung Women's University , Seoul , South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I65832422","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65832422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070398449","display_name":"Masahiro Kikuchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0711-468X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0711-468X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masahiro Kikuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100658595","display_name":"Yun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6276-9104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6276-9104","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3445-2506"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045356124","display_name":"Nobuhiro Nakamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5203-7444","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5203-7444"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nobuhiro Nakamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055096822","display_name":"Valerianna Amorosa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerianna K. Amorosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076546524","display_name":"Mary E. Valiga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary E. Valiga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038073374","display_name":"Kyong\u2010Mi Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-9364","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-9364"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133394","display_name":"Philadelphia VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03j05zz84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I4210147340"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyong-Mi Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038073374"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133394","https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.9668,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72499518,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"265","last_page":"265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.46000000834465027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.46000000834465027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.42719998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.05570000037550926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-hcv-coinfection","display_name":"HIV/HCV coinfection","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-hepatitis-c","display_name":"chronic hepatitis C","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infection","display_name":"HIV infection","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"regulatory T cells","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foxp3","display_name":"Foxp3","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pd-1","display_name":"PD-1","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ctla-4","display_name":"CTLA-4","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cell-homeostasis","display_name":"CD4+ T cell homeostasis","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-dysregulation","display_name":"immune dysregulation","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-pd-1-therapy","display_name":"anti-PD-1 therapy","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ctla-4-blockade","display_name":"CTLA-4 blockade","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-specific-t-cells","display_name":"virus-specific T cells","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-persistence","display_name":"viral persistence","score":0.7149999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243018","display_name":"Coinfection","level":3,"score":0.7639590501785278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.7028814554214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6553747653961182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426188","display_name":"FOXP3","level":3,"score":0.6410425901412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778296632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550619","display_name":"Regulatory T cell","level":5,"score":0.6198300123214722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.599793553352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.5733632445335388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5055713653564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21705690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2907609","display_name":"CTLA-4","level":4,"score":0.45505931973457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3414173722267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79484868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5971673","display_name":"IL-2 receptor","level":4,"score":0.27071553468704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.2310020923614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.09963515400886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25071758","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25071758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4086204","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4086204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Front Immunol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f581bf22f0f4446294f48b95c5b3c0ec","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f581bf22f0f4446294f48b95c5b3c0ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 5 (2014)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00265/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8500000238418579}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G160992408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AI047519","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G499207949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P-30-DK050306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8337752168","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"M01 RR000040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","funder_display_name":"National Center for Research Resources"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8679385658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 AA012849","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000909123","display_name":"Center for Molecular Studies in Digestive and Liver Diseases","funder_award_id":"5p30dk050306-29","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306127","display_name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306513","display_name":"W. W. Smith Charitable Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/04nv2ya05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309037","display_name":"Office of Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzrsm59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337375","display_name":"National Center for Research Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024917797.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024917797.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510545292","https://openalex.org/W1541892895","https://openalex.org/W1964499612","https://openalex.org/W1976619910","https://openalex.org/W1978410307","https://openalex.org/W1978436252","https://openalex.org/W1989265393","https://openalex.org/W1989672313","https://openalex.org/W1989734927","https://openalex.org/W1994047615","https://openalex.org/W2015862217","https://openalex.org/W2021094135","https://openalex.org/W2026208522","https://openalex.org/W2027625151","https://openalex.org/W2027656718","https://openalex.org/W2030883261","https://openalex.org/W2033239466","https://openalex.org/W2041083195","https://openalex.org/W2049828276","https://openalex.org/W2052730188","https://openalex.org/W2054523235","https://openalex.org/W2055923182","https://openalex.org/W2056052081","https://openalex.org/W2061883266","https://openalex.org/W2070662116","https://openalex.org/W2075703130","https://openalex.org/W2077940506","https://openalex.org/W2082944999","https://openalex.org/W2084744825","https://openalex.org/W2087507850","https://openalex.org/W2088541970","https://openalex.org/W2090407934","https://openalex.org/W2092222191","https://openalex.org/W2097855813","https://openalex.org/W2099468505","https://openalex.org/W2099560139","https://openalex.org/W2119546576","https://openalex.org/W2119896120","https://openalex.org/W2123095752","https://openalex.org/W2123528481","https://openalex.org/W2130992177","https://openalex.org/W2131129763","https://openalex.org/W2139103918","https://openalex.org/W2139982503","https://openalex.org/W2144373841","https://openalex.org/W2147713131","https://openalex.org/W2152095262","https://openalex.org/W2154381591","https://openalex.org/W2156014983","https://openalex.org/W2162977644","https://openalex.org/W2168231169","https://openalex.org/W2169749517","https://openalex.org/W2169800587","https://openalex.org/W2171324025","https://openalex.org/W3140430254"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361887650","https://openalex.org/W4361931847","https://openalex.org/W1509989355","https://openalex.org/W3019349862","https://openalex.org/W4361932064","https://openalex.org/W2047710679","https://openalex.org/W3209240005","https://openalex.org/W2019060341","https://openalex.org/W4361889664","https://openalex.org/W4287378973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Persistent":[0],"viral":[1,51,210],"infections":[2],"including":[3,15,117],"HCV,":[4],"HBV,":[5],"and":[6,23,32,59,73,121,149,212],"HIV":[7,87,166,190],"are":[8,62,112,221],"associated":[9],"with":[10,38,83,99,126,134],"increased":[11],"immune":[12,56,97,175,207],"regulatory":[13,19,57,214],"pathways":[14,26,58,111,215],"the":[16,70],"extrinsic":[17],"FoxP3+CD4+":[18],"T":[20,34,45,78,108,129,146,180,186,218],"cells":[21,46,219],"(Tregs)":[22],"intrinsic":[24],"inhibitory":[25,110],"such":[27],"as":[28],"programed":[29],"death-1":[30],"(PD-1)":[31],"cytotoxic":[33],"lymphocyte":[35],"antigen-4":[36],"(CTLA-4)":[37],"potentially":[39],"reversible":[40],"suppression":[41],"of":[42,50,76,163],"antiviral":[43],"effector":[44,74],"(1-12).":[47],"Immunological":[48],"consequences":[49,101],"coinfections":[52,211],"relative":[53,177],"to":[54,173,178,189],"these":[55,203],"their":[60,150],"interplay":[61],"not":[63,133,192],"well-defined.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"study,":[67],"we":[68],"examined":[69],"frequency,":[71],"phenotype,":[72],"function":[75,136],"circulating":[77],"cell":[79,109,130,147,181,187],"subsets":[80],"in":[81,95,114,123,158,200,209,223],"patients":[82],"chronic":[84],"HCV":[85,138,164,193],"and/or":[86,165],"infection,":[88,167],"hypothesizing":[89],"that":[90,106,220],"HCV/HIV":[91,115],"coinfection":[92,116],"will":[93],"result":[94],"greater":[96],"dysregulation":[98],"pathogenetic":[100],"(13,":[102],"14).":[103],"We":[104],"show":[105],"multiple":[107],"induced":[113],"FoxP3+":[118],"Tregs,":[119],"PD-1,":[120,152],"CTLA-4":[122,154,198],"inverse":[124,142],"association":[125,143],"overall":[127],"CD4":[128,145,179],"frequency":[131,148],"but":[132,191],"liver":[135],"or":[137,153],"RNA":[139],"titers.":[140],"The":[141],"between":[144],"FoxP3,":[151],"expression":[155],"remained":[156],"significant":[157,195],"all":[159],"subjects":[160],"combined":[161],"regardless":[162],"suggesting":[168],"a":[169],"global":[170],"homeostatic":[171],"mechanism":[172],"maintain":[174],"regulation":[176],"frequency.":[182],"PD-1":[183],"blockade":[184,199],"rescued":[185],"responses":[188],"without":[194],"impact":[196],"by":[197],"vitro.":[201],"Collectively,":[202],"findings":[204],"highlight":[205],"complex":[206],"interactions":[208],"differential":[213],"influencing":[216],"virus-specific":[217],"relevant":[222],"immunotherapeutic":[224],"development.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
