{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024770945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","title":"Enhanced piezoelectric performance of composite sol-gel thick films evaluated using piezoresponse force microscopy","display_name":"Enhanced piezoelectric performance of composite sol-gel thick films evaluated using piezoresponse force microscopy","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024770945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","mag":"2024770945","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23798771","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3663855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.4801975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","pdf_url":"https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.4801975/14845947/187205_1_online.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.4801975/14845947/187205_1_online.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062043883","display_name":"Yuanming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7541-6009","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7541-6009","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1618-3604","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0202-3334"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington 1 , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington 1 , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057003567","display_name":"Kwok Ho Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-9049","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-9049"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwok Ho Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering and NIH Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California 2 , Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and NIH Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California 2 , Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075046843","display_name":"Koping Kirk Shung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8475-3277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8475-3277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Kirk Shung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering and NIH Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California 2 , Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and NIH Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California 2 , Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061932133","display_name":"Jiangyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0533-1397","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0533-1397","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2795-1353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington 1 , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington 1 , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081250646","display_name":"Qifa Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-3020","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-3020"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qifa Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering and NIH Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California 2 , Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and NIH Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California 2 , Los Angeles, California 90089-1112, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9032,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71126595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"113","issue":"18","first_page":"187205","last_page":"187205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10107","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10107","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11608","display_name":"Dielectric materials and actuators","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10886","display_name":"Multiferroics and related materials","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoelectric-thick-films","display_name":"piezoelectric thick films","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-zirconate-titanate","display_name":"lead zirconate titanate","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pmn-pt","display_name":"PMN-PT","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoresponse-force-microscopy","display_name":"piezoresponse force microscopy","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-piezoelectric-coefficient","display_name":"effective piezoelectric coefficient","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-transducers","display_name":"ultrasonic transducers","score":0.9649999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8917621970176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100082104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183759","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","level":2,"score":0.820152997970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781128178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q883484","display_name":"Lead zirconate titanate","level":4,"score":0.8135851621627808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135405054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193131","display_name":"Piezoelectric coefficient","level":3,"score":0.7232609987258911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.7123918533325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7117565870285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172436747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3312359","display_name":"Piezoresponse force microscopy","level":4,"score":0.6650677919387817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134132462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45621","display_name":"Ceramic","level":2,"score":0.6645690202713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38398224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48350","display_name":"Sol-gel","level":2,"score":0.56673663854599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779000267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420124","display_name":"Lead titanate","level":4,"score":0.47359493374824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123299182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190837","display_name":"Hysteresis","level":2,"score":0.4684441387653351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79090758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045739","display_name":"Ferroelectricity","level":3,"score":0.27573972940444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.18089082837104797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.17321240901947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.14276957511901855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.4801975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","pdf_url":"https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.4801975/14845947/187205_1_online.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2995244","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3663855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3663855","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3663855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Appl Phys","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:23798771","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23798771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of applied physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:285652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/285652/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405259220","host_organization_name":"Institut Agama Islam Negeri Langsa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259220"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.4801975","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4801975","pdf_url":"https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/1.4801975/14845947/187205_1_online.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187991544","display_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","issn_l":"0021-8979","issn":["0021-8979","1089-7550","1520-8850"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Applied Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G136923397","display_name":"A Resource on Medical Ultrasonic Transducer Technology","funder_award_id":"P41EB002182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6922866330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P41-EB2182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024770945.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024770945.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528222368","https://openalex.org/W1970178350","https://openalex.org/W1970509152","https://openalex.org/W1977617144","https://openalex.org/W1980094585","https://openalex.org/W1990004888","https://openalex.org/W2003284049","https://openalex.org/W2012862988","https://openalex.org/W2012935160","https://openalex.org/W2022867044","https://openalex.org/W2042292465","https://openalex.org/W2046896600","https://openalex.org/W2048120707","https://openalex.org/W2062839933","https://openalex.org/W2065898124","https://openalex.org/W2070373969","https://openalex.org/W2075074691","https://openalex.org/W2083921581","https://openalex.org/W2099518465","https://openalex.org/W2112576361","https://openalex.org/W2119105423","https://openalex.org/W2119575462","https://openalex.org/W2122419368","https://openalex.org/W2127960908","https://openalex.org/W2128421349","https://openalex.org/W2154831337","https://openalex.org/W2164209351","https://openalex.org/W2324582496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2047403822","https://openalex.org/W2050519425","https://openalex.org/W1971537334","https://openalex.org/W2033245739","https://openalex.org/W7153854682","https://openalex.org/W1970509152","https://openalex.org/W2132352029","https://openalex.org/W1965536038","https://openalex.org/W1990004888","https://openalex.org/W2601033372"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"composite":[1,56,104,121],"sol-gel":[2,33,57,122],"method":[3,34,123],"has":[4],"been":[5],"modified":[6,32,120],"to":[7,47,108,128],"enhance":[8],"the":[9,31,49,63,67,81,86,94,119,130],"piezoelectric":[10,50,64,77,97],"performance":[11],"of":[12,52,62,80,99,110],"ceramic":[13,133],"thick":[14,26,58,134],"films.":[15,59,135],"Lead":[16],"zirconate":[17],"titanate":[18,24],"(PZT)":[19],"and":[20,54,66,102],"lead":[21],"magnesium":[22],"niobate\u2013lead":[23],"(PMN-PT)":[25],"films":[27,82,105],"were":[28,73],"fabricated":[29],"using":[30],"for":[35],"ultrasonic":[36],"transducer":[37],"applications.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"work,":[41],"piezoresponse":[42],"force":[43],"microscopy":[44],"was":[45,83,91],"employed":[46],"evaluate":[48],"characteristics":[51],"PZT":[53,101],"PMN-PT":[55,103],"The":[60,75,114],"images":[61],"response":[65],"strain-electric":[68],"field":[69],"hysteresis":[70],"loop":[71,88],"behavior":[72],"measured.":[74],"effective":[76,95],"coefficient":[78,98],"(d33,eff)":[79],"determined":[84],"from":[85],"measured":[87],"data.":[89],"It":[90],"found":[92],"that":[93,109,118],"local":[96],"both":[100],"is":[106,124],"comparable":[107],"their":[111],"bulk":[112],"ceramics.":[113],"promising":[115,126],"results":[116],"suggest":[117],"a":[125],"way":[127],"prepare":[129],"high-quality,":[131],"crack-free":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}