{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2024257035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","title":"Fine particle components and health\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological time series studies of daily mortality and hospital admissions","display_name":"Fine particle components and health\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological time series studies of daily mortality and hospital admissions","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2024257035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","mag":"2024257035","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25227730","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4335916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/jes.2014.63","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/jes201463.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87749278","display_name":"Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology","issn_l":"1559-0631","issn":["1559-0631","1559-064X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Exposure Science &amp; Environmental Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2024257035"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/jes201463.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031356945","display_name":"Richard W. Atkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-2207","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8352-2207"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard W Atkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Population Health Research Institute and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, St George's, University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Population Health Research Institute and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, St George's, University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039577949","display_name":"Inga Mills","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I348769827","display_name":"Public Health England","ror":"https://ror.org/00vbvha87","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311074006","https://openalex.org/I348769827"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inga C Mills","raw_affiliation_strings":["Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Public Health England, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Chilton, Oxfordshire, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I348769827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015609311","display_name":"Heather Walton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-3962","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-3962"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200166805","display_name":"Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/00j161312","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200166805"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738229","display_name":"MRC Centre for Environment and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01vw4c203","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4392738229","https://openalex.org/I47508984","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heather A Walton","raw_affiliation_strings":["1] MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, UK [2] NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK","MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1] MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, UK [2] NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753","https://openalex.org/I200166805","https://openalex.org/I4392738229"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753","https://openalex.org/I4392738229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110075787","display_name":"H Ross Anderson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738229","display_name":"MRC Centre for Environment and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01vw4c203","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4392738229","https://openalex.org/I47508984","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Ross Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["1] Population Health Research Institute and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, St George's, University of London, London, UK [2] MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, UK","MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1] Population Health Research Institute and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, St George's, University of London, London, UK [2] MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753","https://openalex.org/I4392738229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031356945"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"],"apc_list":{"value":5490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5490},"apc_paid":{"value":5490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5490},"fwci":1.9271,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":315,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88041237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"208","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11002","display_name":"Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pm2-5","display_name":"PM2.5","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfate","display_name":"sulfate","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate","display_name":"nitrate","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elemental-carbon","display_name":"elemental carbon","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-carbon","display_name":"organic carbon","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-number-concentration","display_name":"particle number concentration","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metals","display_name":"heavy metals","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-term-air-pollution-exposure","display_name":"short-term air pollution exposure","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daily-mortality","display_name":"daily mortality","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-mortality","display_name":"cardiovascular mortality","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-mortality","display_name":"respiratory mortality","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-inorganic-aerosol","display_name":"secondary inorganic aerosol","score":0.9179999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.7982356548309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6552538871765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5987389087677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.4899396300315857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.4275363087654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.41609326004981995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3597882390022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.27674323320388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.13275983929634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000393","descriptor_name":"Air Pollutants","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000397","descriptor_name":"Air Pollution","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002244","descriptor_name":"Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009566","descriptor_name":"Nitrates","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013431","descriptor_name":"Sulfates","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D052638","descriptor_name":"Particulate Matter","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/jes.2014.63","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/jes201463.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87749278","display_name":"Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology","issn_l":"1559-0631","issn":["1559-0631","1559-064X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Exposure Science &amp; Environmental Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3312966","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4335916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:25227730","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25227730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4335916","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4335916/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openaccess.sgul.ac.uk:107372","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/107372/7/licence.docx","pdf_url":"https://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/id/eprint/107372/1/Fine_particle_components_and_health_systematic_review_and_meta_analysis_epidemiological.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400552","display_name":"St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","host_organization_name":"St George's, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:openaire/aa0ed15e-9a4b-40ed-b77e-1eae80322817","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/aa0ed15e-9a4b-40ed-b77e-1eae80322817","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Atkinson, R, Mills, I, Walton, H & Anderson, R 2015, 'Fine particle components and health\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological time series studies of daily mortality and hospital admissions', Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, vol. 25, pp. 208-214. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/jes.2014.63","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.63","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/jes201463.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87749278","display_name":"Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology","issn_l":"1559-0631","issn":["1559-0631","1559-064X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Exposure Science &amp; Environmental Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9789000153541565}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024257035.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2024257035.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W220683005","https://openalex.org/W1871242816","https://openalex.org/W1975338874","https://openalex.org/W1979799510","https://openalex.org/W1986415136","https://openalex.org/W2007640853","https://openalex.org/W2011200430","https://openalex.org/W2040359857","https://openalex.org/W2064540366","https://openalex.org/W2066370862","https://openalex.org/W2072960495","https://openalex.org/W2093568285","https://openalex.org/W2103639573","https://openalex.org/W2104198157","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2109459345","https://openalex.org/W2109695403","https://openalex.org/W2110926344","https://openalex.org/W2111097188","https://openalex.org/W2115423609","https://openalex.org/W2117200377","https://openalex.org/W2127412738","https://openalex.org/W2133814365","https://openalex.org/W2138523149","https://openalex.org/W2140282454","https://openalex.org/W2140513559","https://openalex.org/W2150751323","https://openalex.org/W2168091819","https://openalex.org/W2185837109"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991428069","https://openalex.org/W1504820806","https://openalex.org/W3195011341","https://openalex.org/W2910945856","https://openalex.org/W2991462764","https://openalex.org/W2906461844","https://openalex.org/W4320065647","https://openalex.org/W1980952169","https://openalex.org/W4399901880","https://openalex.org/W2076902492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Short-term":[0],"exposure":[1,159],"to":[2,30,74,160],"fine":[3],"particle":[4,23,35,67,161],"mass":[5],"(PM)":[6],"has":[7],"been":[8],"associated":[9,96,156,189],"with":[10,97,104,131,157,190],"adverse":[11,191],"health":[12,154,192],"effects,":[13],"but":[14],"little":[15],"is":[16],"known":[17],"about":[18],"the":[19,32,105,125,153,164],"relative":[20],"toxicity":[21],"of":[22,47,55,127,152,173],"components.":[24],"We":[25],"conducted":[26],"a":[27],"systematic":[28],"review":[29],"quantify":[31],"associations":[33,107,128],"between":[34],"components":[36],"and":[37,40,45,61,65,71,84,92,101,163,171,184],"daily":[38],"mortality":[39,119],"hospital":[41],"admissions.":[42],"Medline,":[43],"Embase":[44],"Web":[46],"Knowledge":[48],"were":[49,94,129,140],"searched":[50],"for":[51,87,109,143],"time":[52],"series":[53],"studies":[54,83],"sulphate":[56],"(SO4(2-)),":[57],"nitrate":[58],"(NO3(-)),":[59],"elemental":[60],"organic":[62],"carbon":[63],"(EC":[64],"OC),":[66],"number":[68],"concentrations":[69],"(PNC)":[70],"metals":[72],"indexed":[73],"October":[75],"2013.":[76],"A":[77],"multi-stage":[78],"sifting":[79],"process":[80],"identified":[81],"eligible":[82],"effect":[85],"estimates":[86,142],"meta-analysis.":[88,144],"SO4(2-),":[89],"NO3(-),":[90],"EC":[91,183],"OC":[93],"positively":[95],"increased":[98],"all-cause,":[99],"cardiovascular":[100],"respiratory":[102],"mortality,":[103],"strongest":[106],"observed":[108],"carbon:":[110],"1.30%":[111],"(95%":[112],"CI:":[113],"0.17%,":[114],"2.43%)":[115],"increase":[116],"in":[117,149],"all-cause":[118],"per":[120],"1":[121],"\u03bcg/m(3).":[122],"For":[123,137],"PNC,":[124],"majority":[126],"positive":[130],"confidence":[132],"intervals":[133],"that":[134,181],"overlapped":[135],"0%.":[136],"metals,":[138],"there":[139],"insufficient":[141],"There":[145],"are":[146,188],"important":[147],"gaps":[148],"our":[150],"knowledge":[151],"effects":[155],"short-term":[158],"components,":[162],"literature":[165],"also":[166],"lacks":[167],"sufficient":[168],"geographical":[169],"coverage":[170],"analyses":[172],"cause-specific":[174],"outcomes.":[175],"The":[176],"available":[177],"evidence":[178],"suggests,":[179],"however,":[180],"both":[182],"secondary":[185],"inorganic":[186],"aerosols":[187],"effects.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
