{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023907970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","title":"Topflavor: a separate SU(2) for the third family","display_name":"Topflavor: a separate SU(2) for the third family","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023907970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","mag":"2023907970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173952182","display_name":"Physics Letters B","issn_l":"0370-2693","issn":["0370-2693","1873-2445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9602390","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111681856","display_name":"DAVID J. MULLER","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-2754","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-2754"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David J Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040464439","display_name":"S. Nandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-2273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-2273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satyanarayan Nandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040464439","https://openalex.org/A5111681856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2277,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":150,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88726069,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"383","issue":"3","first_page":"345","last_page":"350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12516","display_name":"Advanced Mathematical Theories and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/massive-gauge-bosons","display_name":"heavy gauge bosons","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-generation-fermions","display_name":"third-generation fermions","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroweak-precision-constraints","display_name":"electroweak precision constraints","score":0.8259999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17863212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466416","display_name":"Electroweak interaction","level":2,"score":0.9478374719619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8982239961624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.8721154928207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40263606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105580","display_name":"Gauge boson","level":3,"score":0.8309771418571472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780715337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944533","display_name":"Tevatron","level":3,"score":0.7755075693130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79118098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43101","display_name":"Boson","level":2,"score":0.5592848658561707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73702503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045880","display_name":"Technicolor","level":4,"score":0.5557413101196289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.49923110008239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52233224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363","display_name":"Fermion","level":2,"score":0.48597654700279236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779430453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15260871","display_name":"Gauge group","level":3,"score":0.4848407506942749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40976572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2330873","display_name":"Gauge (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.4761471748352051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101454708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106019","display_name":"Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","level":3,"score":0.42385831475257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018907156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7785058","display_name":"Third generation","level":2,"score":0.4109245538711548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181830111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214850","display_name":"Gauge theory","level":2,"score":0.29897987842559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87668248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40605","display_name":"Large Hadron Collider","level":2,"score":0.23073875904083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.09560033679008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(96)00745-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173952182","display_name":"Physics Letters B","issn_l":"0370-2693","issn":["0370-2693","1873-2445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physics Letters B","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/9602390","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9602390","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9602390","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.342.4469","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.342.4469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9602390v2.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.342.5789","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.342.5789","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9602390v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.347.5337","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.347.5337","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9610404v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:297341","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/297341","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9602390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9602390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/9602390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/9602390","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9602390","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/9602390","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2023907970.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2023907970.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965100015","https://openalex.org/W1969514037","https://openalex.org/W1997440664","https://openalex.org/W1998909324","https://openalex.org/W2016463196","https://openalex.org/W2025218488","https://openalex.org/W2027794668","https://openalex.org/W2028289048","https://openalex.org/W2037216932","https://openalex.org/W2040711292","https://openalex.org/W2046415097","https://openalex.org/W2053141488","https://openalex.org/W2065796387","https://openalex.org/W2070151728","https://openalex.org/W2072316654","https://openalex.org/W2078637632","https://openalex.org/W2079052532","https://openalex.org/W2082171834","https://openalex.org/W2093001081","https://openalex.org/W2130052854","https://openalex.org/W2151928103","https://openalex.org/W2157862473","https://openalex.org/W2232454336","https://openalex.org/W2608554971","https://openalex.org/W2802066523","https://openalex.org/W4253465063"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085856097","https://openalex.org/W2086476421","https://openalex.org/W2063351851","https://openalex.org/W3215089395","https://openalex.org/W1816146097","https://openalex.org/W139303612","https://openalex.org/W2301436372","https://openalex.org/W1992289931","https://openalex.org/W2060577321","https://openalex.org/W1981113712"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
