{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023906220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","title":"HARDNESS CHARACTERISATION OF THIN CARBON COATINGS","display_name":"HARDNESS CHARACTERISATION OF THIN CARBON COATINGS","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023906220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","mag":"2023906220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2016056","display_name":"Surface Engineering","issn_l":"0267-0844","issn":["0267-0844","1743-2944"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320442","host_organization_name":"Maney Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320442"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Maney Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Surface Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030794507","display_name":"Karl Dahm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2670-4324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2670-4324"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. L. Dahm","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040544095","display_name":"W. George Ferguson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9887-9647","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9887-9647"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. G. Ferguson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Murakami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Murakami","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067461442","display_name":"P. A. Dearnley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. A. Dearnley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6456,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60741206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"199","last_page":"204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13470","display_name":"Surface Treatment and Coatings","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diamond-like-carbon","display_name":"diamond-like carbon","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-c-h-coatings","display_name":"a-C:H coatings","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microhardness","display_name":"microhardness","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-hardness","display_name":"composite hardness","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vickers-hardness","display_name":"Vickers hardness","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indentation-depth","display_name":"indentation depth","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substrate-deformation","display_name":"substrate deformation","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-assisted-chemical-vapour-deposition","display_name":"plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amorphous-carbon","display_name":"amorphous carbon","score":0.7680000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8715911507606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5685332417488098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4664430320262909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.45023757219314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19067145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137203","display_name":"Thin film","level":2,"score":0.41705191135406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.23236355185508728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.10845938324928284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1179/sur.1994.10.3.199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2016056","display_name":"Surface Engineering","issn_l":"0267-0844","issn":["0267-0844","1743-2944"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320442","host_organization_name":"Maney Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320442"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Maney Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Surface Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320824","display_name":"New Zealand Vice-Chancellors' Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/057pytd03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323325","display_name":"University of Tokushima","ror":"https://ror.org/044vy1d05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W887666435","https://openalex.org/W1971273515","https://openalex.org/W1983982610","https://openalex.org/W1995458269","https://openalex.org/W2020091304","https://openalex.org/W2027105149","https://openalex.org/W2028793272","https://openalex.org/W2042662065","https://openalex.org/W2045713960","https://openalex.org/W2088080076","https://openalex.org/W2490080698","https://openalex.org/W4235568362"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978320894","https://openalex.org/W3094916769","https://openalex.org/W2068909088","https://openalex.org/W2009916870","https://openalex.org/W2050172042","https://openalex.org/W2088966929","https://openalex.org/W2088084604","https://openalex.org/W2053281813","https://openalex.org/W1986538846","https://openalex.org/W2002303545"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microhardness":[0],"indentations":[1],"nonnal":[2],"to":[3,20,44,54,64,90,141,167,190,240],"the":[4,30,33,37,40,45,49,56,59,70,73,79,83,92,110,123,154,157,163,172,176,181,185,193,215,233,241,266],"surface":[5],"of":[6,13,29,32,39,42,58,68,94,113,125,156,178,184,223],"thin":[7,95],"coatings":[8,100,187,200,248],"usually":[9],"result":[10],"in":[11,265],"deformation":[12],"bothcoating":[14],"and":[15,35,48,75,119,129,153,209,238,252,260],"substrate.":[16],"Such":[17],"measurelnents":[18],"lead":[19],"a":[21,27,147,220],"\u2018composite\u2019":[22],"hardness":[23,57,93,131,166,183],"nUlnber":[24],"which":[25,77],"is":[26,62,256],"function":[28],"properties":[31],"coating":[34,46,60,74],"substrate,":[36],"ratio":[38],"depth":[41],"indentation":[43,136,158],"thickness,":[47],"indenter":[50],"geometry.":[51],"In":[52,82,144],"order":[53],"determine":[55],"it":[61],"necessary":[63],"find":[65],"some":[66],"way":[67],"separating":[69],"contributions":[71],"from":[72,139],"substrate":[76,130],"comprise":[78],"composite":[80],"hardness.":[81],"current":[84],"investigation":[85],"an":[86],"attempt":[87],"was":[88,150,188],"made":[89],"measure":[91],"diamondlike":[96],"carbon":[97,173,186,199],"(a-C":[98],":H)":[99],"deposited":[101,249],"by":[102,117,250],"plasma":[103],"assisted":[104],"chemical":[105],"vapour":[106],"deposition":[107],"(PACVD)":[108],"using":[109,205],"\u2018area":[111],"law":[112],"mixtures":[114],"rule\u2019":[115],"proposed":[116],"J\u00f6nsson":[118],"Hogmark,":[120],"thus":[121],"enabling":[122],"quantification":[124],"both":[126,257],"contributions.":[127],"Composite":[128],"values":[132],"were":[133,201,232],"obtained":[134,218,231,243],"for":[135,170,235,245],"loads":[137],"ranging":[138],"100":[140],"1000":[142],"g.":[143],"all":[145,171,213,236],"cases":[146],"linear":[148],"relationship":[149],"found":[151],"betweenhardness":[152],"reciprocal":[155],"diagonal.":[159],"These":[160],"correlations":[161],"enabled":[162],"load":[164],"invariant":[165],"be":[168],"determined":[169,189],"coatings.":[174,267],"With":[175],"exception":[177],"one":[179],"sample,":[180],"Vickers":[182],"reside":[191],"within":[192],"range":[194,225],"1900\u20132300":[195],"kg":[196],"lmm\u20132.":[197],"The":[198,228],"also":[202],"briefly":[203],"studied":[204],"X-ray":[206],"diffraction":[207],"(XRD)":[208],"Raman":[210,229],"spectroscopy.":[211],"For":[212],"samples":[214,237],"XRD":[216],"spectra":[217,230,242],"showed":[219],"complete":[221],"absence":[222],"long":[224],"crystallographic":[226],"structure.":[227],"same":[234],"similar":[239],"elsewhere":[244],"a-C:":[246],"H":[247],"PACVD,":[251],"indicate":[253],"that":[254],"there":[255],"graphitic":[258],"(Sp2)":[259],"diamond":[261],"(Sp3)":[262],"bonding":[263],"present":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}