{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023302002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","title":"Infection Control among Professional Tattooists in Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN","display_name":"Infection Control among Professional Tattooists in Minneapolis and St. Paul, MN","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023302002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","mag":"2023302002","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12034914","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1497318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106099243","display_name":"Public Health Reports","issn_l":"0033-3549","issn":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Public Health Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1497318","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010657686","display_name":"Monica J. Raymond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092197","display_name":"Tacoma Pierce County Health Department","ror":"https://ror.org/01c2q3444","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092197"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Monica J. Raymond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department, Tacoma, WA. , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department, Tacoma, WA. , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092197"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112787906","display_name":"Phyllis L. Pirie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phyllis L. Pirie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009686628","display_name":"Linda L. Halc\u00f3n","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda L. Halc\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010657686"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092197"],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.4612,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99419874,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"116","issue":"3","first_page":"249","last_page":"256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12901","display_name":"Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12901","display_name":"Tattoo and Body Piercing Complications","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.04969999939203262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-control","display_name":"infection control","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattooists","display_name":"tattooists","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bloodborne-pathogens","display_name":"bloodborne pathogens","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/needlestick-injuries","display_name":"needlestick injuries","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-exposure","display_name":"occupational exposure","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tattooing","display_name":"tattooing","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/needle-disposal","display_name":"needle disposal","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwashing","display_name":"hand washing","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-contamination","display_name":"cross-contamination","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sterilization","display_name":"sterilization","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minneapolis-st-paul","display_name":"Minneapolis-St. Paul","score":0.7210000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166888038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118322","display_name":"Infection control","level":2,"score":0.8315885663032532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7580771446228027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6971900463104248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6200810074806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5633256435394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5319942235946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547646559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162297","display_name":"Hygiene","level":2,"score":0.5263988971710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148761745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1563203","display_name":"Sterilization (economics)","level":4,"score":0.5258629322052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.5223916172981262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.49458667635917664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993737187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000070","display_name":"Cross infection","level":2,"score":0.44189879298210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3508278727531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.27249354124069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2669687867164612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.17691835761070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.15479102730751038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983132609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66076","display_name":"Foreign exchange","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536366893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66076","display_name":"Foreign exchange market","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003428","descriptor_name":"Cross Infection","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006235","descriptor_name":"Hand Disinfection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007722","descriptor_name":"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008910","descriptor_name":"Minnesota","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009339","descriptor_name":"Needles","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009339","descriptor_name":"Needles","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011361","descriptor_name":"Professional Competence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013242","descriptor_name":"Sterilization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013653","descriptor_name":"Tattooing","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016273","descriptor_name":"Occupational Exposure","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017053","descriptor_name":"Infection Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017848","descriptor_name":"Blood-Borne Pathogens","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018505","descriptor_name":"Waste Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020377","descriptor_name":"Self Efficacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3549(04)50040-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106099243","display_name":"Public Health Reports","issn_l":"0033-3549","issn":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Public Health Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1093/phr/116.3.249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phr/116.3.249","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/phr/116.3.249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106099243","display_name":"Public Health Reports","issn_l":"0033-3549","issn":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Public Health Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:302244","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1497318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:12034914","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12034914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:302244","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1497318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309636","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579150349","https://openalex.org/W1976317435","https://openalex.org/W2063342305","https://openalex.org/W2064975642","https://openalex.org/W2070474258","https://openalex.org/W2086461472","https://openalex.org/W2091325826","https://openalex.org/W2102877939","https://openalex.org/W2124652691","https://openalex.org/W2282686687","https://openalex.org/W2410608747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2040520582","https://openalex.org/W3084985513","https://openalex.org/W1976317435","https://openalex.org/W7008397147","https://openalex.org/W2063342305","https://openalex.org/W3092655206","https://openalex.org/W2780821848","https://openalex.org/W1966016095","https://openalex.org/W2760937483","https://openalex.org/W4224273596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2,17,44],"investigated":[3],"infection":[4,40,51,80,84,97,184],"control":[5,37,41,52,87,98,185],"knowledge,":[6],"beliefs,":[7],"and":[8,29,36,38,70,86,90,160,186,194],"practices":[9,53],"of":[10,18,49,54,109,111,117,126,134,172,178],"professional":[11,19],"tattooists.":[12],"METHODS:":[13],"In":[14],"a":[15,24,100],"cross-sectional":[16],"tattooists":[20,195],"(N":[21],"=":[22,169],"61),":[23],"self-administered":[25],"questionnaire":[26],"measured":[27],"knowledge":[28,144],"beliefs":[30],"related":[31],"to":[32,79,140,163],"blood-borne":[33],"pathogen":[34],"transmission":[35,85],"self-reported":[39],"procedures.":[42,114],"The":[43,115],"also":[45],"involved":[46],"direct":[47],"observation":[48],"the":[50,135,150],"25":[55],"tattoo":[56],"artists.":[57],"RESULTS:":[58],"All":[59],"respondents":[60],"believed":[61],"that":[62,73],"bloodborne":[63],"pathogens":[64],"could":[65],"be":[66],"transmitted":[67],"via":[68],"tattooing,":[69],"most":[71,175],"denied":[72],"trouble":[74],"or":[75,168],"expense":[76],"were":[77,104],"barriers":[78],"control.":[81],"Knowledge":[82],"about":[83,96],"was":[88,91,121],"high":[89],"positively":[92],"associated":[93,123,137],"with":[94,124,138,166],"learning":[95],"from":[99],"health":[101,192],"official.":[102],"Subjects":[103],"observed":[105],"implementing":[106],"an":[107,132],"average":[108],"44":[110],"62":[112],"recommended":[113,118],"percentage":[116],"procedures":[119],"used":[120],"negatively":[122],"years":[125,171],"tattooing":[127,183],"experience.":[128],"CONCLUSIONS:":[129],"Tattooists":[130,165],"have":[131],"understanding":[133],"risks":[136],"exposure":[139],"blood,":[141],"but":[142],"this":[143],"is":[145],"not":[146],"fully":[147],"operationalized":[148],"in":[149,176],"workplace.":[151],"Interventions":[152],"should":[153],"focus":[154],"on":[155],"needle":[156],"disposal,":[157],"handwashing,":[158],"cross-contamination,":[159],"cleaning":[161],"prior":[162],"sterilization.":[164],">":[167],"10":[170],"experience":[173],"are":[174,196],"need":[177],"intervention.":[179],"National":[180],"guidelines":[181],"for":[182,188],"strategies":[187],"collaboration":[189],"between":[190],"public":[191],"officials":[193],"needed.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}