{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023061992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/84.623114","title":"Magnetically actuated, addressable microstructures","display_name":"Magnetically actuated, addressable microstructures","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023061992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/84.623114","mag":"2023061992"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/84.623114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/84.623114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/84.623114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187724","display_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","issn_l":"1057-7157","issn":["1057-7157","1941-0158"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065082992","display_name":"Jack William Judy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1141-4466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1141-4466"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.W. Judy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Dept. of Electr. Eng., California Univ., Los Angeles, CA, , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., California Univ., Los Angeles, CA, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073987024","display_name":"R.S. Muller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.S. Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","[Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Berkeley Sensor & Actuator Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0183,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":256,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96223239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"249","last_page":"256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-micromachining","display_name":"surface micromachining","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micromirrors","display_name":"micromirrors","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micromirror-arrays","display_name":"micromirror arrays","score":0.382999986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58373989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839208","display_name":"Microactuator","level":3,"score":0.9424223899841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7039983868598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88764893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547722","display_name":"Ground plane","level":3,"score":0.5403090119361877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145667562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7646003","display_name":"Surface micromachining","level":4,"score":0.5085767507553101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.48837536573410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4801337420940399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4511722922325134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.41181015968322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.3094853460788727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28597062826156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.207505464553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.19375178217887878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1113629937171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/84.623114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/84.623114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/84.623114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187724","display_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","issn_l":"1057-7157","issn":["1057-7157","1941-0158"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498627683","https://openalex.org/W1784346099","https://openalex.org/W1996370321","https://openalex.org/W2014467377","https://openalex.org/W2015075262","https://openalex.org/W2020077517","https://openalex.org/W2037127091","https://openalex.org/W2115569844","https://openalex.org/W2116627944","https://openalex.org/W2151109552","https://openalex.org/W2153681676","https://openalex.org/W2180103045","https://openalex.org/W4298291596"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3119161623","https://openalex.org/W7015405357","https://openalex.org/W7098901414","https://openalex.org/W2014467377","https://openalex.org/W2147184178","https://openalex.org/W2469862760","https://openalex.org/W2151109552","https://openalex.org/W2111779535","https://openalex.org/W1975714129","https://openalex.org/W7097767574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surface-micromachined,":[0],"batch-fabricated":[1],"structures":[2,82],"that":[3],"combine":[4],"plated-nickel":[5],"films":[6],"with":[7],"polysilicon":[8],"mechanical":[9],"flexures":[10],"to":[11,53,57],"produce":[12],"individually":[13,104],"addressable,":[14],"magnetically":[15],"activated":[16],"devices":[17,35,56,64],"have":[18],"been":[19,27],"fabricated":[20],"and":[21,47],"tested.":[22],"Individual":[23],"microactuator":[24],"control":[25],"has":[26],"achieved":[28],"in":[29],"two":[30],"ways:":[31],"(1)":[32],"by":[33,41,49,72],"actuating":[34],"using":[36,50],"the":[37],"magnetic":[38,75],"field":[39],"generated":[40],"coils":[42],"integrated":[43],"around":[44],"each":[45],"device":[46],"(2)":[48],"electrostatic":[51],"forces":[52],"clamp":[54],"selected":[55],"an":[58,73,98],"insulated":[59],"ground":[60],"plane":[61],"while":[62],"unclamped":[63],"are":[65],"freely":[66],"moved":[67],"through":[68],"large":[69],"out-of-plane":[70],"excursions":[71],"off-chip":[74],"field.":[76],"The":[77],"present":[78],"application":[79],"for":[80,86,95,105],"these":[81],"is":[83],"as":[84],"micromirrors":[85],"microphotonic":[87],"systems":[88],"where":[89],"they":[90],"can":[91],"be":[92],"used":[93],"either":[94],"selection":[96],"from":[97],"array":[99],"of":[100],"mirrors":[101],"or":[102],"else":[103],"switching":[106],"among":[107],"fiber":[108],"paths.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
