{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2022940326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","title":"Measles, polio and tetanus toxoid antibody levels in Gambian children aged 3 to 4 years following routine vaccination","display_name":"Measles, polio and tetanus toxoid antibody levels in Gambian children aged 3 to 4 years following routine vaccination","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2022940326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","mag":"2022940326","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7660451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129317210","display_name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issn_l":"0035-9203","issn":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113595083","display_name":"Marijke Fortuin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42237331","display_name":"Centre international de recherche sur le cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/00v452281","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654","https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Fortuin","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, Banjul","International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, Banjul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42237331"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000446576","display_name":"N. Maine","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42237331","display_name":"Centre international de recherche sur le cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/00v452281","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654","https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Maine","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112088190","display_name":"Maimuna E Mendy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42237331","display_name":"Centre international de recherche sur le cancer","ror":"https://ror.org/00v452281","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654","https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Mendy","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, The Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42237331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064232203","display_name":"Ailsa J. Hall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7562-1771","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7562-1771"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113581198","display_name":"M.O. George","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102428","display_name":"Government of The Gambia","ror":"https://ror.org/012daz151","country_code":"GM","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102428"]}],"countries":["GM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. George","raw_affiliation_strings":["Government of The Gambia, Medical and Health Department, MacCarthy Square, Banjul, The Gambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government of The Gambia, Medical and Health Department, MacCarthy Square, Banjul, The Gambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102428"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113485576","display_name":"H Whittle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116687","display_name":"MRC Unit the Gambia","ror":"https://ror.org/025wfj672","country_code":"GM","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210089966","https://openalex.org/I4210116687","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Whittle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Research Council Laboratories, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Research Council Laboratories, P.O. Box 273, Banjul, The Gambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116687"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2326,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3067},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6943078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"89","issue":"3","first_page":"326","last_page":"329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":0.7753999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10833","display_name":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","score":0.7753999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.1647000014781952,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles","display_name":"measles","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poliomyelitis","display_name":"poliomyelitis","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tetanus","display_name":"tetanus","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seroprevalence","display_name":"seroprevalence","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routine-childhood-immunization","display_name":"routine childhood immunization","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expanded-programme-on-immunization","display_name":"Expanded Programme on Immunization","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-polio-vaccine","display_name":"oral polio vaccine","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dtp-vaccine","display_name":"DTP vaccine","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccination-coverage","display_name":"vaccination coverage","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gambia","display_name":"Gambia","score":0.6320000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8891125917434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779841045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47790","display_name":"Tetanus","level":3,"score":0.843005895614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4870876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12195","display_name":"Poliomyelitis","level":2,"score":0.7573703527450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79793","display_name":"Measles","level":3,"score":0.7091363668441772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908822","display_name":"Toxoid","level":4,"score":0.7086246609687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.7026751041412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.6407899856567383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780572238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134649","display_name":"Diphtheria","level":3,"score":0.6323060989379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415366","display_name":"Immunization","level":3,"score":0.593052864074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780657872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804161","display_name":"Measles vaccine","level":4,"score":0.5201959609985352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.5033473372459412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4907342195510864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.43771788477897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3990882635116577}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000284","descriptor_name":"Administration, Oral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000914","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005714","descriptor_name":"Gambia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007115","descriptor_name":"Immunization Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008457","descriptor_name":"Measles","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008458","descriptor_name":"Measles Vaccine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011051","descriptor_name":"Poliomyelitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011055","descriptor_name":"Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(95)90564-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129317210","display_name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issn_l":"0035-9203","issn":["0035-9203","1878-3503"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7660451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7660451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.845.1390","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.845.1390","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://trstmh.oxfordjournals.org/content/89/3/326.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321781","display_name":"Ministero della Salute","ror":"https://ror.org/00789fa95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545596062","https://openalex.org/W1580032232","https://openalex.org/W1960289234","https://openalex.org/W2001724118","https://openalex.org/W2037743588","https://openalex.org/W2050610351","https://openalex.org/W2088084786","https://openalex.org/W2307617917","https://openalex.org/W2318675964","https://openalex.org/W2515791806","https://openalex.org/W2560462942","https://openalex.org/W2801110933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097626403","https://openalex.org/W2071896893","https://openalex.org/W2359493020","https://openalex.org/W1982961883","https://openalex.org/W3017046219","https://openalex.org/W2800215554","https://openalex.org/W46335865","https://openalex.org/W2372495141","https://openalex.org/W2371989087","https://openalex.org/W2166144576"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"nation-wide":[1],"cross-sectional":[2],"survey":[3],"of":[4,26,59,64,72,88,98,104,112,118,132],"816":[5],"children":[6,44,61,100,106],"3-4":[7,133],"years":[8],"old":[9],"was":[10,55],"carried":[11],"out":[12],"in":[13,32,94,145],"The":[14],"Gambia":[15],"between":[16],"September":[17],"1990":[18],"and":[19,40,62,79,96,116],"July":[20],"1991":[21],"to":[22,57,85,141],"assess":[23],"the":[24,33,60,70,73,99,105,130],"seroprevalence":[25],"antibodies":[27,68,128],"against":[28,76],"3":[29,81,122],"diseases":[30],"included":[31],"expanded":[34],"programme":[35],"on":[36],"immunization:":[37],"measles,":[38],"poliomyelitis":[39],"tetanus.":[41],"Among":[42],"689":[43],"whose":[45],"records":[46],"were":[47,50,92],"available,":[48],"94.5%":[49],"fully":[51],"immunized.":[52],"Measles":[53],"vaccine":[54,114],"administered":[56],"97%":[58],"91%":[63,117],"these":[65],"had":[66,108,124],"detectable":[67,125],"at":[69,129,148],"time":[71],"survey.":[74],"Antibodies":[75],"type":[77,80],"1":[78],"polioviruses,":[82],"after":[83],"up":[84],"6":[86],"doses":[87,111,123],"oral":[89],"polio":[90],"vaccine,":[91],"present":[93],"88.1%":[95],"89.3%":[97],"respectively.":[101],"Ninety-seven":[102],"percent":[103],"who":[107,120],"received":[109,121],"4":[110],"diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus":[113],"(DPT)":[115],"those":[119],"tetanus":[126],"toxoid":[127],"age":[131],"years.":[134],"This":[135],"study":[136],"shows":[137],"that":[138],"serological":[139],"responses":[140],"EPI":[142],"vaccines":[143],"given":[144],"infancy":[146],"persist":[147],"very":[149],"satisfactory":[150],"levels":[151],"throughout":[152],"early":[153],"childhood.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
