{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020982880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","title":"How to write a discussion section?","display_name":"How to write a discussion section?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020982880","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","mag":"2020982880","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26328131","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4548568"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5152/tud.2013.049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","pdf_url":"https://www.turkishjournalofurology.com/en/how-to-write-a-discussion-section-167797","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387277858","display_name":"Urology Research and Practice","issn_l":"1300-5804","issn":["1300-5804","1308-4631","2149-3057","2149-3235","2980-1478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.turkishjournalofurology.com/en/how-to-write-a-discussion-section-167797","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058729288","display_name":"\u00d6ner \u015eanl\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-6898","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5801-6898"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00d6ner \u015eanl\u0131","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037544651","display_name":"Sel\u00e7uk Erdem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3514-1394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3514-1394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sel\u00e7uk Erdem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013451018","display_name":"Tzevat Tefik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-8332","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-8332"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","display_name":"Istanbul University","ror":"https://ror.org/03a5qrr21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzevat Tefik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology, \u0130stanbul Faculty of Medicine, \u0130stanbul University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5572,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95751186,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"-1","first_page":"20","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12648","display_name":"Academic Writing and Publishing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12648","display_name":"Academic Writing and Publishing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13607","display_name":"Academic Publishing and Open Access","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13516","display_name":"Publishing and Scholarly Communication","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-writing","display_name":"academic writing","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manuscript-writing","display_name":"manuscript preparation","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scientific-writing","display_name":"scientific writing","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-endpoints","display_name":"study endpoints","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-clarity","display_name":"language clarity","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-practices","display_name":"writing practices","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777206241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194431","display_name":"Paragraph","level":2,"score":0.985602855682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.8306502103805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6426280736923218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.564719557762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5535618662834167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4622277021408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.42363056540489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119867837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4119870","display_name":"Academic writing","level":2,"score":0.4103376269340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.39775383472442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.29740896821022034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09291708469390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09025242924690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08200395107269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07426771521568298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5152/tud.2013.049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","pdf_url":"https://www.turkishjournalofurology.com/en/how-to-write-a-discussion-section-167797","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387277858","display_name":"Urology Research and Practice","issn_l":"1300-5804","issn":["1300-5804","1308-4631","2149-3057","2149-3235","2980-1478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.urologyresearchandpractice.org:article/2738","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://urologyresearchandpractice.org/index.php/pub/article/view/2738","pdf_url":"https://urologyresearchandpractice.org/index.php/pub/article/view/2738/2734","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387277858","display_name":"Urology Research and Practice","issn_l":"1300-5804","issn":["1300-5804","1308-4631","2149-3057","2149-3235","2980-1478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2980-1478","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3533496","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4548568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4548568","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4548568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turk J Urol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:26328131","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26328131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Turkish journal of urology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:35cbf0b42d71440e96b63e12990c6fd7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/35cbf0b42d71440e96b63e12990c6fd7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Urology Research and Practice, Vol 39, Iss -1 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5152/tud.2013.049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2013.049","pdf_url":"https://www.turkishjournalofurology.com/en/how-to-write-a-discussion-section-167797","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387277858","display_name":"Urology Research and Practice","issn_l":"1300-5804","issn":["1300-5804","1308-4631","2149-3057","2149-3235","2980-1478"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","tr-dizin"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology Research and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8899999856948853}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2020982880.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2020982880.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63746988","https://openalex.org/W1984811876","https://openalex.org/W2147059481","https://openalex.org/W2319729735"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389510903","https://openalex.org/W7221274342","https://openalex.org/W4389736756","https://openalex.org/W3196988816","https://openalex.org/W2023439707","https://openalex.org/W4388289370","https://openalex.org/W4402388346","https://openalex.org/W4236012940","https://openalex.org/W4414999251","https://openalex.org/W4410323839"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Writing":[0],"manuscripts":[1,42],"to":[2,23,48,54,82,133],"describe":[3],"study":[4,122],"outcomes,":[5],"although":[6],"not":[7],"easy,":[8],"is":[9,22,46,80,131],"the":[10,19,25,30,59,72,86,121],"main":[11,26],"task":[12],"of":[13,18,28,33,120],"an":[14,97],"academician.":[15],"The":[16,88],"aim":[17],"present":[20],"review":[21,78],"outline":[24],"aspects":[27],"writing":[29,130],"discussion":[31,89],"section":[32,90],"a":[34,51,76,103,109,115],"manuscript.":[35,87],"Additionally,":[36],"we":[37],"address":[38],"various":[39],"issues":[40],"regarding":[41],"in":[43,94],"general.":[44],"It":[45],"advisable":[47],"work":[49],"on":[50,85],"manuscript":[52],"regularly":[53],"avoid":[55],"losing":[56],"familiarity":[57],"with":[58],"article.":[60],"On":[61],"principle,":[62],"simple,":[63],"clear":[64],"and":[65,102,111,136],"effective":[66],"language":[67],"should":[68],"be":[69,92,125],"used":[70],"throughout":[71],"text.":[73],"In":[74,127],"addition,":[75],"pre-peer":[77],"process":[79],"recommended":[81],"obtain":[83],"feedback":[84],"can":[91,124],"written":[93],"3":[95],"parts:":[96],"introductory":[98],"paragraph,":[99],"intermediate":[100,107],"paragraphs":[101],"conclusion":[104],"paragraph.":[105],"For":[106],"paragraphs,":[108],"\"divide":[110],"conquer\"":[112],"approach,":[113],"meaning":[114],"full":[116],"paragraph":[117],"describing":[118],"each":[119],"endpoints,":[123],"used.":[126],"conclusion,":[128],"academic":[129],"similar":[132],"other":[134],"skills,":[135],"practice":[137],"makes":[138],"perfect.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}