{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020943375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","title":"Verbalization as a Factor in Learning","display_name":"Verbalization as a Factor in Learning","publication_year":1932,"publication_date":"1932-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020943375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","mag":"2020943375"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113579182","display_name":"M. K. Pyles","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MarjorieK. Pyles","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113579182"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2336,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82608696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"108","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.13899999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.13899999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10589","display_name":"Early Childhood Education and Development","score":0.12399999797344208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.10300000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbalization","display_name":"verbalization","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-learning","display_name":"verbal learning","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-learning","display_name":"children's learning","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kindergarten-children","display_name":"kindergarten children","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-grade-students","display_name":"first grade students","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/practice-effects","display_name":"practice effects","score":0.5630000233650208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6402484178543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5253188610076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5108651518821716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4646790325641632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1789001226425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14824062585830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09838429093360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1932.tb05822.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/1125384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1125384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1125384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109723506","display_name":"Child Development","issn_l":"0009-3920","issn":["0009-3920","1467-8624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Child Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247547464","https://openalex.org/W141621342","https://openalex.org/W2121120018","https://openalex.org/W7098964628","https://openalex.org/W1988863952","https://openalex.org/W2727492399","https://openalex.org/W2053222446","https://openalex.org/W2023767833","https://openalex.org/W2396249711","https://openalex.org/W2074284599"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"five":[0],"familiar":[1],"animals":[2],"(a":[3],"cat,":[4],"dog,":[5],"rabbit,":[6],"bear,":[7],"and":[8,16,52,110,127,214,250,307],"monkey).":[9],"These":[10,77],"were":[11,17,105,196,199],"3":[12],"inches":[13],"in":[14,47,98,133,158,163,322],"height,":[15],"made":[18],"of":[19,35,37,44,66,90,95,117,120,147,161,173,204,223,246,315],"celluloid;":[20],"as":[21,80],"the":[22,42,64,103,115,123,128,156,263,268,273,278,290,294,303],"celluloid":[23],"proved":[24],"to":[25,29,49,73,139,154,165,293,318],"be":[26,74],"too":[27],"light":[28],"withstand":[30],"daily":[31],"handling,":[32],"a":[33,58,70,84,202,227,239,253],"filling":[34],"plaster":[36],"paris":[38],"was":[39,61,87,137,151,257,297,317],"poured":[40],"into":[41,207],"interior":[43],"each":[45,67,299],"object,":[46,68,296],"order":[48,164],"give":[50],"weight":[51],"stability.":[53],"In":[54],"all":[55],"three":[56,144,305],"series,":[57],"cup-like":[59],"opening":[60],"left":[62],"at":[63,308],"bottom":[65],"permitting":[69],"small":[71],"toy":[72,92,228,274],"hidden":[75],"inside.":[76],"toys,":[78],"serving":[79],"reward":[81],"objects":[82],"when":[83],"correct":[269],"selection":[86],"made,":[88],"consisted":[89],"25":[91],"animals,":[93],"}":[94],"an":[96,320],"inch":[97],"height.":[99],"The":[100,216,241,313],"subjects":[101],"for":[102,143,218,298],"experiment":[104,135],"80":[106],"nursery":[107],"school,":[108],"kindergarten":[109],"first":[111,243,304],"grade":[112],"children":[113],"from":[114],"University":[116,129],"California":[118],"Institute":[119],"Child":[121],"Welfare,":[122],"Berkeley":[124],"Day":[125],"Nursery,":[126],"Elementary":[130],"School.":[131],"Since":[132],"this":[134,316],"it":[136,150],"necessary":[138],"compare":[140],"learning":[141],"scores":[142],"different":[145],"series":[146,219,300],"test":[148],"material,":[149],"deemed":[152],"advisable":[153],"rotate":[155],"tests":[157],"comparable":[159],"groups":[160,195],"subjects,":[162],"control":[166],"practice":[167],"factors.":[168],"With":[169],"six":[170,193],"possible":[171],"orders":[172],"testing":[174],"(A":[175],"B":[176,181,184,191],"C,":[177,183],"A":[178,182,188,220],"C":[179,185,187,190,209],"B,":[180,189],"A,":[186],"A)":[192],"equivalent":[194],"necessary;":[197],"these":[198,224],"obtained":[200],"by":[201],"process":[203],"matching,":[205],"taking":[206],"consideration":[208],"A.,":[210,212],"M":[211],"school":[213],"sex.":[215],"instructions":[217],"were:":[221],"One":[222],"shapes":[225],"has":[226,238],"under":[229,271],"it;":[230],"see":[231],"if":[232],"you":[233],"can":[234],"find":[235],"which":[236,272],"shape":[237],"toy.":[264],"child's":[242,291],"efforts":[244],"are":[245],"course":[247],"purely":[248],"trial":[249,311],"error;":[251],"after":[252],"successful":[254],"choice,":[255],"he":[256,260,266],"asked":[258],"where":[259],"had":[261,275,285],"found":[262],"When":[265],"indicated":[267],"object":[270],"been":[276],"located,":[277],"experimenter":[279],"would":[280],"say,":[281],"Yes,":[282],"that":[283],"one":[284],"it.":[286],"This":[287],"procedure,":[288],"calling":[289],"attention":[292],"employed":[301],"on":[302],"trials,":[306],"every":[309],"third":[310],"thereafter.":[312],"purpose":[314],"maintain":[319],"interest":[321]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
