{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020753791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870090304","title":"Hereditary variations in monoamine oxidase as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease","display_name":"Hereditary variations in monoamine oxidase as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020753791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870090304","mag":"2020753791","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7913737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/mds.870090304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870090304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870090304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163027424","display_name":"Movement Disorders","issn_l":"0885-3185","issn":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Movement Disorders","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006982292","display_name":"G\u00f6khan S. Hotam\u0131\u015fl\u0131gil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-1897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-1897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gokhan S. Hotamisligil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown","Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066416975","display_name":"A. Sule Girmen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Sule Girmen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111573310","display_name":"J. Stephen Fink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9454-1075","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9454-1075"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Stephen Fink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051734277","display_name":"Elizabeth A. Tivol","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Tivol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047005394","display_name":"Christo Shalish","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christo Shalish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069513922","display_name":"James A. Trofatter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Trofatter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011876614","display_name":"John C. Baenziger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446366","display_name":"Indiana University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/03eftgw80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4394709130","display_name":"Indiana University School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02ets8c94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4394709130","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270607","display_name":"Indiana Alcohol Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0111skv05","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Baenziger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Psychiatry and Pathology, Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Psychiatry and Pathology, Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I4394709130","https://openalex.org/I4405270607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109132368","display_name":"Shirley G. Diamond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shirley Diamond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107211430","display_name":"Charles H. Markham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-2611","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-2611"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Markham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021027921","display_name":"Jack L. Sullivan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388446366","display_name":"Indiana University Indianapolis","ror":"https://ror.org/03eftgw80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4394709130","display_name":"Indiana University School of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02ets8c94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4394709130","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405270607","display_name":"Indiana Alcohol Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0111skv05","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405270607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Psychiatry and Pathology, Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Psychiatry and Pathology, Alcohol Research Center, Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388446366","https://openalex.org/I4394709130","https://openalex.org/I4405270607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111694111","display_name":"John H. Growdon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Growdon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059573074","display_name":"Xandra O. Breakefield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6036-0399","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6036-0399"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xandra O. Breakefield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059573074"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"],"apc_list":{"value":4480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4480},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0055,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9329737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"305","last_page":"310"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13991","display_name":"Nuclear Receptors and Signaling","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoamine-oxidase","display_name":"monoamine oxidase","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoamine-oxidase-a","display_name":"monoamine oxidase A","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoamine-oxidase-b","display_name":"monoamine oxidase B","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-susceptibility","display_name":"genetic susceptibility","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-chromosome","display_name":"X chromosome","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haplotypes","display_name":"haplotypes","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism","display_name":"restriction fragment length polymorphism","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic-neurons","display_name":"dopaminergic neurons","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.7379999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39398028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18028862","display_name":"Monoamine oxidase B","level":4,"score":0.7880368232727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197754878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80711","display_name":"Haplotype","level":4,"score":0.7506626844406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.6815438270568848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.6744092702865601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.5888713598251343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5739811062812805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84597430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106227","display_name":"Locus (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5487098693847656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114461151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14888415","display_name":"Monoamine oxidase A","level":4,"score":0.5045868158340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168007829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857299","display_name":"Restriction fragment length polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.5010530948638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.441488653421402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.42044249176979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.34693706035614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776024655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410867","display_name":"Monoamine oxidase","level":3,"score":0.3468184471130371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.27593404054641724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.2581089735031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.2343597412109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2315332591533661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17553752660751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.1188654899597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06949493288993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775864247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167934","display_name":"Serotonin","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000483","descriptor_name":"Alleles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005787","descriptor_name":"Gene Frequency","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006239","descriptor_name":"Haplotypes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007527","descriptor_name":"Isoenzymes","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007527","descriptor_name":"Isoenzymes","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008995","descriptor_name":"Monoamine Oxidase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008995","descriptor_name":"Monoamine Oxidase","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010300","descriptor_name":"Parkinson Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012150","descriptor_name":"Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/mds.870090304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870090304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.870090304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163027424","display_name":"Movement Disorders","issn_l":"0885-3185","issn":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Movement Disorders","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7913737","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7913737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7900000214576721}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2108115428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NINDS NS21921","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G766033528","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ADAMHA R3AA08683","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G946928868","display_name":"BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE","funder_award_id":"5r01ns021921-11","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337330","display_name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","ror":"https://ror.org/02jzrsm59"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081632","https://openalex.org/W79771154","https://openalex.org/W91641021","https://openalex.org/W107978977","https://openalex.org/W131027919","https://openalex.org/W134820805","https://openalex.org/W979368335","https://openalex.org/W1238680464","https://openalex.org/W1493718535","https://openalex.org/W1542836032","https://openalex.org/W1587924678","https://openalex.org/W1591987091","https://openalex.org/W1912793892","https://openalex.org/W1963498395","https://openalex.org/W1969800514","https://openalex.org/W1972838563","https://openalex.org/W1976663560","https://openalex.org/W1979050677","https://openalex.org/W1979492404","https://openalex.org/W1979814084","https://openalex.org/W1987655773","https://openalex.org/W1993037003","https://openalex.org/W1993593800","https://openalex.org/W1997650811","https://openalex.org/W2007964603","https://openalex.org/W2008861869","https://openalex.org/W2009077522","https://openalex.org/W2011906490","https://openalex.org/W2011929455","https://openalex.org/W2012671723","https://openalex.org/W2013407711","https://openalex.org/W2019813484","https://openalex.org/W2022602759","https://openalex.org/W2023211111","https://openalex.org/W2032352955","https://openalex.org/W2033579780","https://openalex.org/W2036818116","https://openalex.org/W2037039276","https://openalex.org/W2038703875","https://openalex.org/W2039727503","https://openalex.org/W2052570198","https://openalex.org/W2057514401","https://openalex.org/W2061685358","https://openalex.org/W2063368103","https://openalex.org/W2068299351","https://openalex.org/W2068568687","https://openalex.org/W2070849668","https://openalex.org/W2077611061","https://openalex.org/W2081249304","https://openalex.org/W2083767901","https://openalex.org/W2084078518","https://openalex.org/W2086858085","https://openalex.org/W2095482515","https://openalex.org/W2119125260","https://openalex.org/W2126557788","https://openalex.org/W2126704418","https://openalex.org/W2128964111","https://openalex.org/W2134996660","https://openalex.org/W2142710389","https://openalex.org/W2144634347","https://openalex.org/W2146753966","https://openalex.org/W2155411818","https://openalex.org/W2158092299","https://openalex.org/W2169622817","https://openalex.org/W2266082002","https://openalex.org/W2274535321","https://openalex.org/W2314225431","https://openalex.org/W2337223808","https://openalex.org/W2411164166","https://openalex.org/W2466169794","https://openalex.org/W2606572887","https://openalex.org/W2607394896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988767443","https://openalex.org/W2072796216","https://openalex.org/W2083767901","https://openalex.org/W2087873632","https://openalex.org/W1983565860","https://openalex.org/W2341938103","https://openalex.org/W2356877180","https://openalex.org/W2397927022","https://openalex.org/W2039318783","https://openalex.org/W2114081373"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Parkinson's":[0],"disease":[1,46,194],"(PD)":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,25,112,120],"common":[5,173],"neurodegenerative":[6],"disorder":[7],"caused":[8],"by":[9,131],"loss":[10],"of":[11,56,69,80,153,231],"dopaminergic":[12],"neurons":[13],"in":[14,27,44,50,63,92,115,123,141,174,177,206],"the":[15,35,45,64,78,83,89,116,124,132,150,193,197,207,216,219,225],"brainstem.":[16],"Recent":[17],"studies":[18],"suggest":[19],"that":[20,218,228],"several":[21],"genes":[22,221],"may":[23,222],"have":[24,76],"role":[26],"determining":[28],"individual":[29,189],"susceptibility":[30,230],"to":[31,233],"this":[32,57],"disease,":[33],"and":[34,60,67,85,98,119,149,192],"degradative":[36],"enzyme":[37,58],"monoamine":[38],"oxidase":[39],"(MAO)":[40],"has":[41],"been":[42],"implicated":[43],"process.":[47],"Wide":[48],"differences":[49],"activity":[51],"levels":[52,68],"for":[53,200],"both":[54,70],"forms":[55],"(MAO-A":[59],"MAO-B)":[61],"exist":[62],"human":[65],"population,":[66],"are":[71],"genetically":[72],"determined.":[73],"Here":[74],"we":[75],"compared":[77,146],"frequency":[79,198],"haplotypes":[81],"at":[82,134],"MAOA":[84,117,135,167],"MAOB":[86,125,190],"loci":[87],"on":[88],"X":[90],"chromosome":[91],"91":[93],"male":[94,100],"patients":[95,142,178],"with":[96,143,147,179],"PD":[97,144,180],"129":[99],"controls.":[101],"Alleles":[102],"were":[103,186],"marked":[104,130],"using":[105],"two":[106,164,208],"restriction":[107],"fragment":[108],"length":[109],"polymorphisms":[110],"(RFLPs),":[111],"(GT)n":[113,121],"repeat":[114,122],"locus,":[118],"locus.":[126],"One":[127],"particular":[128],"haplotype":[129,168],"RFLP's":[133],"was":[136,156,169,203],"three":[137],"times":[138],"more":[139,172],"frequent":[140],"as":[145],"controls,":[148],"overall":[151],"distribution":[152,199],"these":[154,163],"alleles":[155,191,202],"significantly":[157,204],"different":[158,205],"(p":[159,181,210],"=":[160,182,211],"0.03)":[161],"between":[162,188],"groups.":[165],"Another":[166],"about":[170],"threefold":[171],"controls":[175],"than":[176],"0.005).":[183],"No":[184],"associations":[185],"observed":[187],"state,":[195],"but":[196],"all":[201],"populations":[209],"0.046).":[212],"These":[213],"findings":[214],"support":[215],"idea":[217],"MAO":[220],"be":[223],"among":[224],"hereditary":[226],"factors":[227],"influence":[229],"individuals":[232],"PD.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}