{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020706959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","title":"The challenge of being a profession","display_name":"The challenge of being a profession","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020706959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","mag":"2020706959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144871169","display_name":"Evaluation Practice","issn_l":"0886-1633","issn":["0886-1633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evaluation Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003709069","display_name":"Michael Quinn Patton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4706-2941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4706-2941"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Quinn Patton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, 1994 Buford Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, 1994 Buford Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003709069"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6329,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68550086,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"45","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12010","display_name":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12010","display_name":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professionalization-of-evaluation","display_name":"professionalization of evaluation","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-profession","display_name":"evaluation profession","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-identity","display_name":"professional identity","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-assessment","display_name":"cross-cultural assessment","score":0.6100000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3956955075263977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37420427799224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3326556086540222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1096479594707489}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0886-1633(90)90008-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144871169","display_name":"Evaluation Practice","issn_l":"0886-1633","issn":["0886-1633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evaluation Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566942824","https://openalex.org/W1608475699","https://openalex.org/W1912456745","https://openalex.org/W2604965924","https://openalex.org/W2794859617","https://openalex.org/W3197686586"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4361831759","https://openalex.org/W4292596053","https://openalex.org/W2409001494","https://openalex.org/W4409600243","https://openalex.org/W1989488190","https://openalex.org/W4395113956","https://openalex.org/W2794222973","https://openalex.org/W4401534048","https://openalex.org/W7099967754","https://openalex.org/W4389209974"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Editor\u2019s":[0],"Note:":[1],"On":[2],"July":[3],"20,":[4],"1989,":[5],"former":[6],"AEA":[7,31,38],"President":[8],"Michael":[9],"Quinn":[10],"Patton":[11],"delivered":[12,26],"the":[13,17,30,37,61,64],"keynote":[14,55],"address":[15,56],"to":[16,36],"Australasian":[18,34,65],"Evaluation":[19,66],"Society":[20],"in":[21,75,84],"Queensland,":[22],"Australia.":[23],"He":[24],"also":[25,80],"a":[27],"proclamation":[28],"from":[29],"inviting":[32],"our":[33],"colleagues":[35],"meeting":[39],"which":[40],"focused":[41],"on":[42,73],"New":[43],"Perspectives":[44],"From":[45],"International":[46],"and":[47],"Cross-Cultural":[48],"Evaluation.":[49],"A":[50],"shortened":[51],"version":[52],"of":[53,63],"his":[54,77],"is":[57,72],"reprinted":[58],"below":[59],"with":[60],"permission":[62],"Society.":[67],"Even":[68],"though":[69],"Patton\u2019s":[70],"focus":[71],"evaluation":[74],"Australia,":[76],"points":[78],"are":[79],"appropriate":[81],"for":[82],"us":[83],"America.":[85]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}