{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020595221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:28:2:151","title":"Immunomodulation by Lead","display_name":"Immunomodulation by Lead","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020595221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:28:2:151","mag":"2020595221","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14610291"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1385/ir:28:2:151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:28:2:151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:28:2:151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70378559","display_name":"Immunologic Research","issn_l":"0257-277X","issn":["0257-277X","1559-0755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunologic Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000322586","display_name":"Vijay Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-3849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-3849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161370692","display_name":"Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rsgrz10","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vijay K. Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. singh@afrri.usuhs.mil","Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. singh@afrri.usuhs.mil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078924442","display_name":"K.P. Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-3772","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-3772"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161370692","display_name":"Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rsgrz10","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamla P. Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101785872","display_name":"Reena Rani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8787-834X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8787-834X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161370692","display_name":"Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rsgrz10","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reena Rani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102061188","display_name":"Virendra Singh Yadav","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161370692","display_name":"Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rsgrz10","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Virendra S. Yadav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate, Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086824924","display_name":"Sudhir Kumar Awasthi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9851-5963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9851-5963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I229991691","display_name":"Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University","ror":"https://ror.org/040qxz868","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I229991691"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhir K. Awasthi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Life Sciences, C.S.J.M., University Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Life Sciences, C.S.J.M., University Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I229991691"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108416717","display_name":"Satyendra Kumar Garg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1337315214","display_name":"Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University","ror":"https://ror.org/02797hn66","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337315214"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satyendra K. Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, R. M. L. Awadh University, Faizabad, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, R. M. L. Awadh University, Faizabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1337315214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000322586"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161370692"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6837,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79135692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"2","first_page":"151","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.7372999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10790","display_name":"Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity","score":0.7372999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.26269999146461487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-toxicity","display_name":"lead toxicity","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunomodulation","display_name":"immunomodulation","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metal-toxicity","display_name":"heavy metal toxicity","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th1-th2-balance","display_name":"Th1/Th2 balance","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/b-cells","display_name":"B cells","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cells","display_name":"T cells","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-killer-cells","display_name":"natural killer cells","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines","display_name":"cytokines","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemokines","display_name":"chemokines","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide","display_name":"nitric oxide","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humoral-immunity","display_name":"humoral immunity","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-mediated-immunity","display_name":"cell-mediated immunity","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-contaminants","display_name":"environmental pollutants","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-producing-animals","display_name":"food-producing animals","score":0.656000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.8812329769134521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6705750226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5977330803871155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13373296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421866","display_name":"Chemokine","level":3,"score":0.5909170508384705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51785407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2627568","display_name":"Effector","level":2,"score":0.41484585404396057}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001402","descriptor_name":"B-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002634","descriptor_name":"Chemotaxis, Leukocyte","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007694","descriptor_name":"Killer Cells, Natural","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007854","descriptor_name":"Lead","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007854","descriptor_name":"Lead","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009569","descriptor_name":"Nitric Oxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010587","descriptor_name":"Phagocytosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015213","descriptor_name":"Neuroimmunomodulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1385/ir:28:2:151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:28:2:151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:28:2:151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70378559","display_name":"Immunologic Research","issn_l":"0257-277X","issn":["0257-277X","1559-0755"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunologic Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14610291","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14610291","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunologic research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320721","display_name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","ror":"https://ror.org/021wm7p51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56206085","https://openalex.org/W84489622","https://openalex.org/W86558059","https://openalex.org/W207023104","https://openalex.org/W1265846065","https://openalex.org/W1482804511","https://openalex.org/W1498110746","https://openalex.org/W1510689703","https://openalex.org/W1516695624","https://openalex.org/W1581310431","https://openalex.org/W1766816711","https://openalex.org/W1834041853","https://openalex.org/W1870683603","https://openalex.org/W1912353978","https://openalex.org/W1929009802","https://openalex.org/W1966889718","https://openalex.org/W1968359047","https://openalex.org/W1972980567","https://openalex.org/W1975907357","https://openalex.org/W1976671850","https://openalex.org/W1977816530","https://openalex.org/W1979116778","https://openalex.org/W1980078884","https://openalex.org/W1980896759","https://openalex.org/W1985121732","https://openalex.org/W1988328092","https://openalex.org/W1988598195","https://openalex.org/W1989925441","https://openalex.org/W1991600188","https://openalex.org/W1994389040","https://openalex.org/W1995418515","https://openalex.org/W1997441466","https://openalex.org/W1999928832","https://openalex.org/W2001454323","https://openalex.org/W2002711275","https://openalex.org/W2005096752","https://openalex.org/W2006100550","https://openalex.org/W2006773671","https://openalex.org/W2008365163","https://openalex.org/W2009401513","https://openalex.org/W2010990764","https://openalex.org/W2014646142","https://openalex.org/W2016120395","https://openalex.org/W2017518165","https://openalex.org/W2018469604","https://openalex.org/W2019694802","https://openalex.org/W2019843852","https://openalex.org/W2020385832","https://openalex.org/W2022343288","https://openalex.org/W2025001062","https://openalex.org/W2033148006","https://openalex.org/W2034170040","https://openalex.org/W2035680000","https://openalex.org/W2037238228","https://openalex.org/W2038393510","https://openalex.org/W2045181279","https://openalex.org/W2046779380","https://openalex.org/W2051031104","https://openalex.org/W2056100421","https://openalex.org/W2056807976","https://openalex.org/W2061042029","https://openalex.org/W2063648470","https://openalex.org/W2063658782","https://openalex.org/W2065313347","https://openalex.org/W2068327212","https://openalex.org/W2070370349","https://openalex.org/W2073681039","https://openalex.org/W2074100616","https://openalex.org/W2078058589","https://openalex.org/W2078583984","https://openalex.org/W2078716546","https://openalex.org/W2081681557","https://openalex.org/W2083397332","https://openalex.org/W2084143592","https://openalex.org/W2085050497","https://openalex.org/W2085422658","https://openalex.org/W2087101454","https://openalex.org/W2092582634","https://openalex.org/W2093223718","https://openalex.org/W2093578282","https://openalex.org/W2094038408","https://openalex.org/W2096992142","https://openalex.org/W2100394052","https://openalex.org/W2107947903","https://openalex.org/W2115238064","https://openalex.org/W2118440238","https://openalex.org/W2120141012","https://openalex.org/W2125699568","https://openalex.org/W2142091343","https://openalex.org/W2143319884","https://openalex.org/W2144663935","https://openalex.org/W2148425463","https://openalex.org/W2151278871","https://openalex.org/W2162508156","https://openalex.org/W2165831914","https://openalex.org/W2167102170","https://openalex.org/W2171158496","https://openalex.org/W2179494586","https://openalex.org/W2408580855","https://openalex.org/W2412844290","https://openalex.org/W2422819600","https://openalex.org/W2473757339","https://openalex.org/W4240680252","https://openalex.org/W4322387791","https://openalex.org/W4409134235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139426854","https://openalex.org/W4296839449","https://openalex.org/W2045034340","https://openalex.org/W2603210259","https://openalex.org/W2386574523","https://openalex.org/W2165019177","https://openalex.org/W2225677599","https://openalex.org/W2335267693","https://openalex.org/W2086285852","https://openalex.org/W2164787998"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}