{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020576383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398344","title":"Ultrasonic reflection mode imaging of the nonlinear parameter B/A. II: Signal processing","display_name":"Ultrasonic reflection mode imaging of the nonlinear parameter B/A. II: Signal processing","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020576383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398344","mag":"2020576383","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2754109"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1121/1.398344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11296630","display_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","issn_l":"0001-4966","issn":["0001-4966","1520-8524","1520-9024"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113028792","display_name":"Charles A. Cain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles A. Cain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077067043","display_name":"Hooman Houshmand","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hooman Houshmand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1406 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7143,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7145366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"1","first_page":"28","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10662","display_name":"Ultrasonics and Acoustic Wave Propagation","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.025299999862909317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13493","display_name":"Optical and Acousto-Optic Technologies","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-detection","display_name":"phase detection","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deconvolution","display_name":"deconvolution","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matched-filter","display_name":"matched filter","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-frequency-resolution","display_name":"spatial frequency resolution","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-spectrum","display_name":"phase spectrum","score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-acoustic-interaction","display_name":"nonlinear acoustic interaction","score":0.30300000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.7139211297035217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6536856293678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6344183683395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.6245142817497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.6199425458908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5942257046699524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5469350218772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184112787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3604864","display_name":"Nonlinear acoustics","level":3,"score":0.4877112805843353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.42920225858688354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4129365384578705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24934959411621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.21580293774604797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014465","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1121/1.398344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.398344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11296630","display_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","issn_l":"0001-4966","issn":["0001-4966","1520-8524","1520-9024"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320226","host_organization_name":"Acoustical Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Acoustical Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2754109","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2754109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7131898333","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA 44938","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W272532221","https://openalex.org/W2159713534","https://openalex.org/W1968558958","https://openalex.org/W2035376078","https://openalex.org/W2102324199","https://openalex.org/W2076158249","https://openalex.org/W2137678186","https://openalex.org/W2128306261","https://openalex.org/W2106388676","https://openalex.org/W2007380381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37],"nonlinear":[1,28],"acoustic":[2],"interaction":[3],"between":[4],"a":[5,10,105,123,147,185,236,242,255],"reflected":[6,70],"single-frequency":[7],"sinusoid":[8],"and":[9,69,85,102],"broadband":[11],"pump":[12,53,68,96,110,167,201,234,250],"waveform":[13,54],"propagating":[14],"in":[15,22,31,178,222,261],"the":[16,23,27,32,42,49,52,56,62,67,75,95,103,109,113,119,127,134,143,153,165,175,179,189,197,200,203,207,219,223,233,246],"opposite":[17],"direction":[18],"produces":[19],"phase":[20,39,76,128,144,176,220],"changes":[21],"probe":[24,44,71,79,104,114,180,224],"proportional":[25],"to":[26,87,152,155,160,182,218],"parameter":[29],"B/A":[30,60,138,183],"spatial":[33,57,135,216,259],"region":[34],"of":[35,51,59,92,137,199,206,244,248,258],"interaction.":[36],"instantaneous":[38],"change":[40,177],"along":[41,61,118,188,202],"received":[43,208],"can":[45,80,139,228,253],"be":[46,81,140,193,229],"expressed":[47],"as":[48,231],"convolution":[50],"with":[55,112],"distribution":[58,136],"propagation":[63,120,190],"path":[64,121,191],"over":[65],"which":[66],"interact.":[72],"In":[73],"theory,":[74],"modulated":[77],"sinusoidal":[78],"processed":[82,230],"(phase":[83],"detection":[84],"deconvolution)":[86],"produce":[88],"an":[89,98,211],"\"A-mode\"":[90],"representation":[91],"B/A.":[93],"If":[94,164],"is":[97,168],"intense":[99],"unipolar":[100],"impulse":[101],"swept-frequency":[106,172],"sinusoid,":[107,173],"then":[108,174],"interacts":[111],"at":[115,122,184],"each":[116],"point":[117,187],"unique":[124],"frequency.":[125],"Thus":[126],"modulation":[129],"that":[130,226,252],"carries":[131],"information":[132,221],"about":[133],"extracted":[141],"from":[142],"spectrum":[145],"by":[146,170],"simple":[148],"Fourier":[149],"transformation":[150],"analogous":[151],"space":[154],"frequency":[156],"mapping":[157],"so":[158,225],"basic":[159],"magnetic":[161],"resonance":[162],"imaging.":[163],"impulsive":[166],"replaced":[169],"another":[171],"due":[181],"particular":[186],"will":[192],"spread":[194],"out":[195],"for":[196],"duration":[198],"probe.":[204],"Passage":[205],"signal":[209],"through":[210],"appropriate":[212],"matched":[213],"filter":[214],"restores":[215],"coherence":[217],"it":[227],"if":[232],"were":[235],"broadbanded":[237],"impulse.":[238],"This":[239],"approach":[240],"suggests":[241],"means":[243],"approaching":[245],"design":[247],"effective":[249],"waveforms":[251],"resolve":[254],"wide":[256],"range":[257],"frequencies":[260],"(B/A)(x).":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}