{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020509101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","title":"A distributed representation approach to group problem solving","display_name":"A distributed representation approach to group problem solving","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020509101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","mag":"2020509101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102750959","display_name":"Jiajie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-9843","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-9843"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiajie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1827 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210","Ohio State Univ., Columbus#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 1827 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio State Univ., Columbus#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102750959"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3739,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82882463,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"9","first_page":"801","last_page":"809"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.8057000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.8057000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.041600000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.03319999948143959,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-representations","display_name":"distributed representations","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-problem-solving","display_name":"group problem solving","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-cognition","display_name":"group cognition","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation-of-the-individual","display_name":"individual representation","score":0.4169999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17037162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551870","display_name":"Socially distributed cognition","level":3,"score":0.7103581428527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.6599748730659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6047149300575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5729864835739136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5668687224388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.548296332359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11516046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055807","display_name":"Group representation","level":3,"score":0.41008177399635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37603333592414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3307151794433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-q","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199807)49:9<801::aid-asi5>3.0.co;2-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.140.1168","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.140.1168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://acad88.sahs.uth.tmc.edu/research/publications/social-TOH.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.51.35","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.51.35","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://acad88.sahs.uth.tmc.edu/publications/social-TOH.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W359197899","https://openalex.org/W1484947299","https://openalex.org/W1516047904","https://openalex.org/W1547377254","https://openalex.org/W1572833353","https://openalex.org/W1706097554","https://openalex.org/W1709077672","https://openalex.org/W1983412113","https://openalex.org/W2001005400","https://openalex.org/W2002052638","https://openalex.org/W2015528078","https://openalex.org/W2017717094","https://openalex.org/W2040278798","https://openalex.org/W2049890080","https://openalex.org/W2051743306","https://openalex.org/W2059847013","https://openalex.org/W2073598993","https://openalex.org/W2075536921","https://openalex.org/W2085529605","https://openalex.org/W2100757236","https://openalex.org/W2102518549","https://openalex.org/W2156445227","https://openalex.org/W2183034136","https://openalex.org/W2324652334","https://openalex.org/W2419259007","https://openalex.org/W2771274926","https://openalex.org/W2888190061","https://openalex.org/W2907282926","https://openalex.org/W2911537016","https://openalex.org/W3109530354","https://openalex.org/W3214923421","https://openalex.org/W4214907476","https://openalex.org/W4253928605","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6628916667","https://openalex.org/W6660846855","https://openalex.org/W6682828519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7066821777","https://openalex.org/W88063510","https://openalex.org/W2100757236","https://openalex.org/W1574039628","https://openalex.org/W2069401514","https://openalex.org/W2004011849","https://openalex.org/W2058173850","https://openalex.org/W2578699376","https://openalex.org/W7099245832","https://openalex.org/W1822342426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"develops":[2],"a":[3,30],"theoretical":[4],"framework":[5,52],"of":[6,21,29,40,48,60,143,172],"distributed":[7,22,36,58,81,89,131],"representations":[8,23,39,90,129],"to":[9,55,73],"explore":[10],"the":[11,26,38,45,49,57,61,105,133,140,150,169],"representational":[12,27],"properties":[13,158,171],"in":[14],"group":[15,31,75,97,144,156],"problem":[16,32,76,98,145],"solving.":[17],"The":[18,51,83],"basic":[19],"principle":[20],"is":[24,35,148],"that":[25,86,149,159],"system":[28],"solving":[33,77,99],"task":[34],"across":[37,91,132],"individuals,":[41],"which":[42,147],"together":[43],"represent":[44],"abstract":[46,107],"structure":[47],"task.":[50,65],"was":[53,71],"used":[54],"analyze":[56],"representation":[59],"Waitress":[62],"and":[63,109],"Orange":[64],"From":[66],"this":[67],"analysis,":[68],"an":[69],"experiment":[70,84],"designed":[72],"examine":[74],"behaviors":[78],"under":[79],"different":[80,88,96,118],"representations.":[82],"shows":[85],"(1)":[87],"two":[92,111,134],"individuals":[93,153],"produced":[94],"dramatically":[95],"behaviors,":[100],"even":[101,121],"if":[102],"they":[103],"had":[104],"same":[106],"structure;":[108],"(2)":[110],"minds":[112],"could":[113],"be":[114,162,166],"better":[115],"than,":[116],"not":[117],"from,":[119,168],"or":[120],"worse":[122],"than":[123],"one":[124],"mind,":[125],"depending":[126],"on":[127],"how":[128],"were":[130],"minds.":[135],"These":[136],"results":[137],"further":[138],"support":[139],"interactionist":[141],"view":[142],"solving,":[146],"interactions":[151],"among":[152],"can":[154,160],"produce":[155],"cognitive":[157,170],"neither":[161],"reduced":[163],"to,":[164],"nor":[165],"inferred":[167],"individuals.":[173],"\u00a9":[174],"1998":[175],"John":[176],"Wiley":[177],"&":[178],"Sons,":[179],"Inc.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}