{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020462633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027398","title":"Measuring social anxiety in college students: A comprehensive evaluation of the psychometric properties of the SPAI-23.","display_name":"Measuring social anxiety in college students: A comprehensive evaluation of the psychometric properties of the SPAI-23.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020462633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027398","mag":"2020462633","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22369649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/a0027398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35369596","display_name":"Psychological Assessment","issn_l":"1040-3590","issn":["1040-3590","1939-134X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Assessment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111672620","display_name":"Amie R. Schry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amie R. Schry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070272424","display_name":"Roxann Roberson\u2010Nay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1037-3121","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1037-3121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184840846","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roxann Roberson-Nay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University","Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047039784","display_name":"Susan Williams White","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-3147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-3147"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan W. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, US"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-3147","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.7182,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96560914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"846","last_page":"854"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10182","display_name":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-anxiety","display_name":"social anxiety","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-properties","display_name":"psychometric properties","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergent-validity","display_name":"convergent validity","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-validity","display_name":"discriminant validity","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-retest-reliability","display_name":"test-retest reliability","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-structure","display_name":"factor structure","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agoraphobia","display_name":"agoraphobia","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-item-functioning","display_name":"differential item functioning","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brief-screening-instrument","display_name":"brief screening instrument","score":0.48899999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8320835828781128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120107772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168554","display_name":"Discriminant validity","level":4,"score":0.6692371368408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778678127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174589","display_name":"Agoraphobia","level":4,"score":0.6640126705169678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6619929075241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121244757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783487","display_name":"Convergent validity","level":4,"score":0.577811062335968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.564810037612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777545354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3557657","display_name":"Social anxiety","level":3,"score":0.5463134050369263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5244762301445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116211729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5372350","display_name":"Test validity","level":3,"score":0.44906866550445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.43125808238983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776317618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544006","display_name":"Anxiety disorder","level":3,"score":0.41977688670158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.29294896125793457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.126848965883255}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010698","descriptor_name":"Phobic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011569","descriptor_name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011594","descriptor_name":"Psychometrics","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013334","descriptor_name":"Students","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014495","descriptor_name":"Universities","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/a0027398","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35369596","display_name":"Psychological Assessment","issn_l":"1040-3590","issn":["1040-3590","1939-134X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Assessment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22369649","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22369649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological assessment","raw_type":"Evaluation Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.766700029373169}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6200000047683716}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4556594","https://openalex.org/W198347847","https://openalex.org/W1604346639","https://openalex.org/W1765159578","https://openalex.org/W1964165651","https://openalex.org/W1968164829","https://openalex.org/W1971882679","https://openalex.org/W1972967222","https://openalex.org/W1991692195","https://openalex.org/W1995858899","https://openalex.org/W1998258494","https://openalex.org/W2001866454","https://openalex.org/W2002440697","https://openalex.org/W2005617795","https://openalex.org/W2008859773","https://openalex.org/W2010367368","https://openalex.org/W2012981443","https://openalex.org/W2016320303","https://openalex.org/W2024732585","https://openalex.org/W2042231108","https://openalex.org/W2043912834","https://openalex.org/W2043935241","https://openalex.org/W2044790946","https://openalex.org/W2054931069","https://openalex.org/W2058513103","https://openalex.org/W2059136071","https://openalex.org/W2063350227","https://openalex.org/W2065589549","https://openalex.org/W2066930529","https://openalex.org/W2071480328","https://openalex.org/W2072323909","https://openalex.org/W2073935929","https://openalex.org/W2086558241","https://openalex.org/W2089909711","https://openalex.org/W2094299464","https://openalex.org/W2108853772","https://openalex.org/W2112442191","https://openalex.org/W2112778345","https://openalex.org/W2121217103","https://openalex.org/W2128277170","https://openalex.org/W2131421613","https://openalex.org/W2147517859","https://openalex.org/W2159011576","https://openalex.org/W2160386716","https://openalex.org/W2161128022","https://openalex.org/W2165078457","https://openalex.org/W2505421157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072046050","https://openalex.org/W4313502986","https://openalex.org/W7006488212","https://openalex.org/W2069524214","https://openalex.org/W2793006440","https://openalex.org/W2012981443","https://openalex.org/W2052756107","https://openalex.org/W2808737705","https://openalex.org/W2031768005","https://openalex.org/W2150028755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0,39],"anxiety":[1,19,61,95,134],"disorder":[2],"(SAD)":[3],"is":[4],"1":[5],"of":[6,58,93,106],"the":[7,74,84,112,144,154],"most":[8],"prevalent":[9],"psychological":[10],"disorders,":[11],"and":[12,31,41,96,135,150],"among":[13],"college":[14,63,77,163],"students":[15],"in":[16,62,148],"particular,":[17],"social":[18,60,94,133],"has":[20],"been":[21],"associated":[22],"with":[23,76,90,104,162],"other":[24,35,91],"problems":[25,30],"such":[26],"as":[27,99],"substance":[28],"use":[29,161],"increased":[32],"vulnerability":[33],"to":[34],"psychiatric":[36],"disorders.":[37],"The":[38],"Phobia":[40],"Anxiety":[42],"Inventory-23":[43],"(SPAI-23;":[44],"Roberson-Nay,":[45],"Strong,":[46],"Nay,":[47],"Beidel,":[48],"&":[49],"Turner,":[50],"2007)":[51],"may":[52],"be":[53],"a":[54,130],"useful,":[55],"brief":[56],"measure":[57],"problematic":[59],"students.":[64,164],"Results":[65],"from":[66],"4":[67],"studies":[68],"(total":[69],"n":[70],"=":[71,124],"2,436)":[72],"using":[73],"SPAI-23":[75,85,113,155],"student":[78],"samples":[79],"are":[80],"presented.":[81],"Scores":[82],"on":[83,111],"demonstrated":[86,115,156],"strong":[87,157],"convergent":[88],"validity":[89,98],"measures":[92,105],"discriminant":[97],"evidenced":[100],"by":[101],"lower":[102],"correlations":[103],"dissimilar":[107],"constructs.":[108],"Difference":[109],"scores":[110],"also":[114],"adequate":[116],"test-retest":[117],"reliability":[118],"over":[119],"5":[120],"\u00bd":[121],"weeks":[122],"(r":[123],".72).":[125],"Exploratory":[126],"factor":[127],"analysis":[128],"suggested":[129,142],"two-factor":[131],"structure:":[132],"agoraphobia.":[136],"Finally,":[137],"differential":[138],"item":[139],"function":[140,146],"analyses":[141],"that":[143],"items":[145],"similarly":[147],"men":[149],"women.":[151],"In":[152],"conclusion,":[153],"psychometric":[158],"properties":[159],"for":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
