{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020398766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","title":"Variance Estimation for Differential Test Functioning Based on Mantel\u2010Haenszel Statistics","display_name":"Variance Estimation for Differential Test Functioning Based on Mantel\u2010Haenszel Statistics","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020398766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","mag":"2020398766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30638350","display_name":"Journal of Educational Measurement","issn_l":"0022-0655","issn":["0022-0655","1745-3984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Educational Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081337666","display_name":"Gregory Camilli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2430-0342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2430-0342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Camilli","raw_affiliation_strings":["DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations : educational statistics and measurement","GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations : applied measurement and statistics","Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations: educational statistics and measurement","[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations: applied measurement and statistics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations : educational statistics and measurement","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations : applied measurement and statistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations: educational statistics and measurement","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations: applied measurement and statistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040166752","display_name":"Douglas A. Penfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas A. Penfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations : educational statistics and measurement","GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations : applied measurement and statistics","Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations: educational statistics and measurement","[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations: applied measurement and statistics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations : educational statistics and measurement","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; [email protected] . Degree : PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations : applied measurement and statistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DOUGLAS A. PENFIELD is Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GREGORY CAMILLI is Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 10 Seminary Place, New Brunswick, NJ 08903","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of California, Berkeley. Specializations: educational statistics and measurement","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[email protected]. Degree: PhD, University of Colorado, Boulder. Specializations: applied measurement and statistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081337666"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040","https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":{"value":3040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3040},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94357977,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":"123","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12884","display_name":"Educational Assessment and Pedagogy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14025","display_name":"Educational Technology and Assessment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-item-functioning","display_name":"differential item functioning","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-test-functioning","display_name":"differential test functioning","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mantel-haenszel-statistic","display_name":"Mantel-Haenszel statistic","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/log-odds-ratio","display_name":"log odds ratio","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance-estimation","display_name":"variance estimation","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-response-theory","display_name":"item response theory","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/item-response-models","display_name":"item response models","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2pl-model","display_name":"2PL model","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3pl-model","display_name":"3PL model","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighted-index","display_name":"weighted index","score":0.37599998712539673}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.8374549150466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.7560971975326538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181447626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224359","display_name":"Differential item functioning","level":4,"score":0.7173157334327698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.6020609140396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5406337380409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19875794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207340","display_name":"Item response theory","level":3,"score":0.5257580876350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18747219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620994","display_name":"Standard error","level":2,"score":0.44224196672439575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152587130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7092351","display_name":"One-way analysis of variance","level":3,"score":0.42764508724212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4187442660331726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.3059917390346527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22814613580703735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.18992102146148682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1997.tb00510.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30638350","display_name":"Journal of Educational Measurement","issn_l":"0022-0655","issn":["0022-0655","1745-3984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Educational Measurement","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535520578","https://openalex.org/W1547716543","https://openalex.org/W1605548433","https://openalex.org/W1999649023","https://openalex.org/W2002279280","https://openalex.org/W2021597910","https://openalex.org/W2041223376","https://openalex.org/W2066760476","https://openalex.org/W2084398551","https://openalex.org/W2092783950","https://openalex.org/W2095416402","https://openalex.org/W2150000105","https://openalex.org/W2347998626","https://openalex.org/W4230419680","https://openalex.org/W4243293677","https://openalex.org/W4244075477","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306291873","https://openalex.org/W643057423","https://openalex.org/W1985734013","https://openalex.org/W99221693","https://openalex.org/W2008567788","https://openalex.org/W2062750905","https://openalex.org/W2008127355","https://openalex.org/W2143848089","https://openalex.org/W7099438873","https://openalex.org/W2035770858"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,161],"article":[1],"concerns":[2],"the":[3,34,45,95,105,110,113,128,133,138,146,152,155,172,175],"simultaneous":[4],"assessment":[5],"of":[6,11,36,44,104,112,120,125,145,174],"DIF":[7,25,37,52],"for":[8],"a":[9,39,76,142,169],"collection":[10],"test":[12,40],"items.":[13],"Rather":[14],"than":[15],"an":[16,30,42,101],"average":[17],"or":[18,79],"sum":[19],"in":[20,53,109,166,171],"which":[21,48],"positive":[22],"and":[23,66,70,93,115,178],"negative":[24],"may":[26,71],"cancel,":[27],"we":[28],"propose":[29],"index":[31,96,129,147],"that":[32],"measures":[33],"variance":[35,68,77,80],"on":[38],"as":[41,75],"indicator":[43],"degree":[46],"to":[47,99,168],"different":[49,54],"items":[50],"show":[51],"directions.":[55],"It":[56],"is":[57,97,130,159,164],"computed":[58],"from":[59],"standard":[60],"Mantel\u2010Haenszel":[61],"statistics":[62],"(the":[63],"logodds":[64],"ratio":[65,177],"its":[67],"error)":[69],"be":[72,100],"conceptually":[73],"classified":[74],"component":[78],"effect":[81],"size.":[82],"Evaluated":[83],"by":[84],"simulation":[85],"under":[86,132],"three":[87],"item":[88],"response":[89],"models":[90,117],"(IPL,":[91],"2PL,":[92],"3PL),":[94],"shown":[98],"accurate":[102,131],"estimate":[103],"DTF":[106,156],"generating":[107,157],"parameter":[108,158],"case":[111],"1PL":[114],"2PL":[116,139],"with":[118],"groups":[119,124],"equal":[121],"ability.":[122],"For":[123,151],"unequal":[126],"ability,":[127],"I":[134],"PL":[135],"but":[136],"not":[137],"condition;":[140],"however,":[141],"weighted":[143],"version":[144],"provides":[148],"improved":[149],"estimates.":[150],"3PL":[153],"condition,":[154],"underestimated.":[160],"latter":[162],"result":[163],"due":[165],"part":[167],"mismatch":[170],"scales":[173],"log\u2010odds":[176],"IRT":[179],"difficulty.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}