{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020120823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17629","title":"Frequency-domain description of a lock-in amplifier","display_name":"Frequency-domain description of a lock-in amplifier","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020120823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17629","mag":"2020120823"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1119/1.17629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38866342","display_name":"American Journal of Physics","issn_l":"0002-9505","issn":["0002-9505","1943-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013819491","display_name":"John H. Scofield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3886-1191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3886-1191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70571728","display_name":"Oberlin College","ror":"https://ror.org/05ac26z88","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John H. Scofield","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio 44074"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio 44074","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013819491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70571728"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":239,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"2","first_page":"129","last_page":"133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.6298999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12300","display_name":"Advanced Electrical Measurement Techniques","score":0.6298999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12250","display_name":"Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies","score":0.2053000032901764,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11283","display_name":"Experimental Learning in Engineering","score":0.053700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock-in-amplifier","display_name":"lock-in amplifier","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain-analysis","display_name":"frequency domain analysis","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-sensitive-detection","display_name":"phase-sensitive detection","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics-laboratory-instruction","display_name":"physics laboratory instruction","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780259410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752933","display_name":"Lock-in amplifier","level":4,"score":0.9299793243408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7829755544662476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7653920650482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.7622638940811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177454536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578290","display_name":"Emphasis (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5357944369316101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5272349715232849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.45076239109039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4043397605419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17421194911003113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1374371349811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.13150647282600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08588945865631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.05933448672294617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1119/1.17629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38866342","display_name":"American Journal of Physics","issn_l":"0002-9505","issn":["0002-9505","1943-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987506609","https://openalex.org/W7128543255","https://openalex.org/W1546853272","https://openalex.org/W2032191016","https://openalex.org/W2482786166","https://openalex.org/W2105191101","https://openalex.org/W4225957001","https://openalex.org/W4391383804","https://openalex.org/W3181522182","https://openalex.org/W7097756866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37],"basic":[1],"principles":[2],"behind":[3],"the":[4,19,23,27,31],"operation":[5,48],"of":[6,22,30],"a":[7,34],"lock-in":[8,32,47],"amplifier":[9],"are":[10],"described.":[11],"Particular":[12],"emphasis":[13],"is":[14],"placed":[15],"on":[16],"looking":[17],"at":[18,26,53],"frequency":[20],"components":[21],"signal":[24],"present":[25],"various":[28],"stages":[29],"during":[33],"typical":[35],"measurement.":[36],"description":[38],"presented":[39],"here":[40],"has":[41],"been":[42],"used":[43],"successfully":[44],"to":[45,49],"explain":[46],"upper-level":[50],"laboratory":[51],"students":[52],"Oberlin":[54],"College.":[55]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
